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M3 Pharm B2 > Cardio & Renal 4: Antihyperlipidemic Drugs > Flashcards

Cardio & Renal 4: Antihyperlipidemic Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Statins MOA

A

Inhibit the rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis

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1
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Buzz word

A

Statins

Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
(3-hydroxy-3-methylGlutaryl CoA reductase inhibitors)

Atorvastatin

Simvastatinn

Pravastatin

Rosvastatin

Lovastatin

Statin reduce LDL, cholesterol, and triglycerides

Statin increase HDL (good cholesterol)

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2
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Statins Indications (3)

A
  1. Hyperlipoproteinemia
  2. Hypercholesterolemia
  3. Hypertriglyceridemia
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3
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Statins Adverse Reactions

A

Buzz word: Myopathy

From muscle ache, myalgia, myositis to rhabdomyolysis (break down of skeletal muscle) —> renal failure

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4
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Statins Latest Study

A

Statin are used for 2 yr prevention of heart disease

Statin increases NO and decrease mRNA for endothelin-1 —> vasodilation

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5
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Bile Acid Sequestrants Buzzword

A

Cholestyramine
Cholestipol
Cholesvelam

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6
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Bile Acid Sequestrants *MOA

A

Bind bile acids in the GI —> form an insoluble complex that’s excreted in the feces

So cholesterol is used to make more bile acid (thus lowering LDL, bad cholesterol)

**not used in hypertriglyceridemia because they increase VLDL and TG

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7
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Bile Acid Sequestrants Adverse reactions (3)

A

Constipation

Malabsorption of fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)

Malabsorption of digoxin, thiazide, and warfarin

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8
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Bile Acid Sequestrants: Special Indication for Choletyramine

A

Rx of pruritis due to biliary obstruction

How? In biliary obstruction the liver can’t eliminate bile

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9
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Nicotinic Acid (Niacin, B3)

A

Inhibits VLDL synthesis
Activates lipoprotein lipase

Adverse effects:

Flushing and pruritis 
Hyperuricemia 
Gastric irritation 
Myopathies 
Glucose intolerance
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10
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Fibirc Acid Deritivatives

A

Gemfibrozil
Clofibrate
Fenobibrate

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11
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Fibirc Acid Deritivatives - Action and MOA

A

Activates lipoprotein lipase
Decrease VLDL, TG, and LDL

By activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) in the nuclei that regulates gene transcription

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12
Q

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Fibirc Acid Deritivatives - Adverse Effects (4)

A

Flu-like muscle aches

Gallstones

Allergic reactions

Blood cell deficiencies

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13
Q

New Cholesterol Lowering Drug

A

Ezetimbe

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14
Q

Ezetimbe MOA

A

Inhibits cholesterol absorption in the small intestine

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15
Q

Ezetimbe is MOST EFFECTIVE when used with what type of drug?

16
Q

Statin + Ezetimbe

A

Vytorin

Adverse effects:
Sinusitis and pharyngitis
Headache, myalgia

M3 Pharm B2 (10 decks)

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