Cardio Micro

Question 1

What are the symptoms of pericarditis

Answer 1

-Sharp chest pain (usually positions as leaning forward will make it better) -Fever -Palpitations

Question 2

What resistance form is commonly arising in Enterococcus (group D strep)

Answer 2

Vancomycin

Question 3

What are the EKG findings in a patient with pericarditis

Answer 3

-ST elevations -Depressions in aVR and V1

Question 4

What are the complications with S. aureus infection

Answer 4

Food poisoning

Sclded skin syndrome

Toxic shock syndrome

Question 5

What are the common causes of bacterial endocarditis

Answer 5

S. aureus, epidermidis, viridans, group D strep

-HACEK (Haemophilis, Aggregatibacter, cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella

Question 6

What finding is this?

Answer 6

“waterbottle Sign”

-Flattening of the diaphragm due to weight of the effusion

Question 7

What is the finding of mycobacterium when using a acid fast, Ziehl Neelsen stain

Answer 7

Red rods

Question 8

Infectious myocarditis affects which portion of the heart

Answer 8

Myocardium aka the cardiac muscle

Question 9

What is the method of plating Haemophilus sp.

Answer 9

Must be grown on cholate agar, and does not on Blood agar

*Can be grown on blood agar if with S aureus as it contain the hemolysins

Question 10

What are the symptoms of intermediate phase chagas disease

Answer 10

Asymptomatic

Question 11

What are the symptoms of chronic phase of chagas disease

Answer 11

-Dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias -Megacolon, achalasia

Question 12

What is the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment for endocarditis in able to take oral medication

Answer 12

Amoxicillin

Question 13

What is the finding of infective endocarditis

Answer 13

Vegetations and destruction of the cardiac tissue, usually bacterial in nature

Question 14

What are the symptoms of acute phase of Chagas disease

Answer 14

-Chagoma (lodule at bite site) -Romona sign (periorbital edema) -Fever, malaise -Myocarditis -Meningtioencephalitis

Question 15

Which side of the heart tends to be affected with acute endocarditis

Answer 15

Right side (especially S. aureus)

Question 16

What is the treatment for Viridans

Answer 16

Penicillin

Question 17

What is the manifistation seen with infection for streptococcus viridans

Answer 17

Dental carries with bacterial endocarditis

Question 18

What is the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment for endocarditis in not able to take oral medication and needs an IV

Answer 18

Ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone

Question 19

What is the vector for trypanosoma Cruzi

Answer 19

Reduviid bug

Question 20

What condition is this and what is the cause?

Answer 20

Scalded skin syndrome

-S. aureus

Question 21

What is the treatment optionf for MSSA

Answer 21

Nafcillin

Question 22

What should be avoided in a patient with myocarditis

Answer 22

NSAIDs, EtOH, exercise

Question 23

What side of the heart tends to be affected in subacute endocarditis

Answer 23

Left side

Question 24

What is the treatment for someone with myocarditis

Answer 24

Beta blockers ACE inhibitors diuretics

Question 25

What is the treatmen for epidermidis

Answer 25

Vancomyocin

Question 26

What is the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment for endocarditis in allergic to penicillin

Answer 26

Desensitize, cephalexin, clindamycin, azithromycin

Question 27

What are the treatment contraindications for a patient with pericarditis

Answer 27

Anticoagulants

Question 28

What are the main agents of causing pericarditis

Answer 28

-Coxsackie (serous pericarditis) -Mycobacterium tuberculosis (caseous pericarditis)

Question 29

What are the symptoms that should be leading to the differential diagnosis of trichinella spiralis

Answer 29

-Abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever -Muscle pain (myositis) -Periorbital edema -Eosinophilia

Question 30

How does infective endocarditis first start

Answer 30

Bacteremia

Question 31

What is the finding of mycobacterium when using auramine rhadamine staining

Answer 31

Fluorescent apple green color

Question 32

What is the physical exam finding in a patient with pericarditis

Answer 32

Friction rub

Question 33

Streptococcus bovis is assocaited with which conditions

Answer 33

Colon cancer and IBD

Question 34

What is the emperic treatment for bacterial endocarditis

Answer 34

Vancomycin with or without gentamicin

Question 35

What is the major cardiac manifistation of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 35

Caseating pericarditis

Question 36

What is the number one cause of osteomyelitis in adults and children

Answer 36

S. Aureus

Question 37

What is the media used to grow Enterococcus (Group D strep)

Answer 37

40% bile and 6.5% NaCl, blood agar

Question 38

What are the symptoms of a Coxsackie infection

Answer 38

URI Pleurodynia (severe intercostal pain and fever) Myocarditis Aseptic meningitis

Question 39

What is the cardiac X ray findings in a patient with pericarditis

Answer 39

-Normally nothing -Pericardial effusions over 250ml causes symmetrical cardiac silhouette, aka waterbottle sign

Question 40

What is the treatment for a patient with pericarditis

Answer 40

-High dose asparin (3x day) Ibuprofen, indomethacin, colchicine