Cardio- HTN

Question 1

What are the key drugs that INCREASE BP?

Answer 1

Stimulating Agents

• ADHD and Amphetamines
• Cocaine
• Decongestants
• ESAs (increase the production of RBC and viscosity)
• immunosupressants*
• steroids*
• NSAIDs*
• increase Na/H2O retention and blood volume
• Oral contraceptives
• Antidepressants

Question 2

Normal Blood Pressure

Answer 2

< 120/<80

Question 3

Goal Na intake?

Answer 3

< 1,500 mg/day

Question 4

When to start HTN treatment?

Answer 4

Stage 2 hypertension
> or equal to 140/90
OR
Stage 1 hypertension + Clinical ASCVD or ASCVD Risk > 10% (stroke, MI, HF)

Question 5

What is the blood pressure goal?

Answer 5

< 130/80 in all patients

Question 6

What are the 3 preferred drug classes?

Answer 6

Thiazides, CCB, ACE or ARB

Question 7

When to start 2 drug treatments?

Answer 7

When BP >150/90 mmHg

Question 8

1st line TX for African American

Answer 8

Thiazides

DHP- CCB

Question 9

1st line TX for NON-African American

Answer 9

ACE/ARB
Thiazides
DHP- CCB

Question 10

1st line TX for CKD or DM w/ albuminuria REGARDLESS OF RACE…

Answer 10

ACE/ARB

albuminuria- albumin/creatinin level > or equal to 30

CKD= GFR < 60 ml/min /1.73^3

Question 11

What is the follow-up period after initiating BP medications?

Answer 11

4 weeks

Question 12

What are the preferred drug tx for HTN/pregnancy?

Answer 12

Labetalol
Nifedipine ER
methlydopa (drug-induced lupus)

Question 13

ACE/ARB + Diurectic combos

Answer 13

Lisinopril/HCTZ (Zestoretic)
Losartan/HCTZ (Hyzaar)
Olmesartan/HCTZ (Benicar HCT)
Valsartan HCTZ (Diovan HCT)

Question 14

ACE/ARB + CCB combos

Answer 14

Benazepril/Amlodipine (Lotrel)

Valsartan/Amlodipine (Exforge)

Question 15

K-Sparing + Thiazide Diuretic

Answer 15

Triamterine/HCTZ (Maxzide, Maxzide-25, Dyazide)

Question 16

Beta-blocker + Diuretic

Answer 16

Atenolol/Chlorthalidone (Tenoretic)

Bisoprolol/HCTZ (Ziac)