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GEN PATH > Cardio-GIT Assessment > Flashcards

Cardio-GIT Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What angina occurs at rest relieve by vasodilators?

  • Cresendo
  • Unstable
  • Prinzmetal
  • Stable
A

Prinzmetal

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2
Q

All are conditions related to right sided heart failure except:

  • Ascites
  • Valvular heart disease
  • None of the above
  • Jaundice
  • Renal congestion
A

None

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3
Q

How does cocaine produce ischemic heart disease?

A

Reduced coronary blood flow

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4
Q

Which mechanism does atrial fibrillation produce AMI?

  • Idiopathic
  • Thrombus formation
  • Emboli formation
  • Vasospasm
A

Emboli formation

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5
Q 
What is the most common type of ASD? 
• Secundum 
• Primum 
• Sinus venosus 
• Sinus arteriosus
A

Secundum

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6
Q

In relation to AMI, when does irreversible viability of cardiac myocytes start?

A

25 mins

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7
Q

What test will indicate for the probability of developing CHF?

A

BNP

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8
Q 
All are acyanotic heart disease, Except: 
• PDA 
• Transposition of the great vessels 
• VSD 
• ASD
A

Transposition of the great vessels

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9
Q 
What is the most common etiology of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy? 
• Eisenmenger complex 
• Aortic valve stenosis 
• Marantic endocarditis 
• Tricuspid valve deformities
A

Aortic valve stenosis

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10
Q 
In transposition of the great vessels, what valve is the aorta connected to? 
• Left ventricle 
• Left atrium 
• Right atrium 
• Right ventricle
A

Right ventricular

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11
Q

A 34-year-old intravenous drug abuser presents to the emergency room with a 24-hour history of fever and
shaking chills. His temperature is 38.7°C (103°F), pulse rate 110 per minute, and blood pressure 140/80 mm Hg. Physical examination reveals a harsh systolic murmur. Which of the following is the heart valve is most likely affected?

  • Pulmonic
  • Tricuspid
  • Aortic
  • Bicuspid
A

Tricuspid

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12
Q

What is the most common congenital heart disease in adults?

A

ASD

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13
Q

What is most common etiology of sudden cardiac death?

A

Arrythmias

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14
Q

What is the most common cause of right sided heart failure?

A

Left sided heart failure

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15
Q

What is ductus arteriosus?

A

Results form developmental failure of the pulmonary artery and the aorta

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16
Q

A 15-year-old girl is brought to the emergency room with heart palpitations and dyspnea. Her past medical history is significant for an unrepaired atrial septal defect (ASD). Physical examination reveals cyanosis, distended jugular veins, hepatosplenomegaly, and a systolic ejection murmur. This patient has most likely developed which of the following complications of congenital heart disease?

  • Pulmonary hypertension
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Paradoxical embolism
  • Aortic aneurysm
A

Pulmonary hypertension

17
Q

When is the earliest that liquefactive necrosis seen in the heart in MI?

18
Q

An 8-month-old girl with Turner syndrome is brought to the emergency room by her parents, who complain that their daughter is breathing rapidly and not eating. Physical examination reveals tachypnea, pallor, absent femoral pulses, and a murmur heard at the left axilla. upper extremities and low blood pressure in both legs. A chest X-ray shows notching or scalloping of the ribs. What is the appropriate diagnosis?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

19
Q

What condition may lead to systolic dysfunction leading to CHF?

  • Amyloid
  • Constrictive pericarditis
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy
A

Left ventricular hypertrophy

20
Q

What CHD will give a machinery like murmur upon auscultation?

21
Q

What cardiac marker will still remain elevated after one-week post AMI-episode?

22
Q

Gold standard in the diagnosis of AMI?

23
Q

If the left anterior descending artery is obstructed, what type of infarction is noted?

A

Transmural

24
Q

All are components of tetralogy of Fallot, except:

  • Left ventricular hypertrophy
  • Transposition of the great vessels
  • Coarctation of the aorta
  • Pulmonary stenosis
A

Left ventricular hypertrophy

25
Q

What is the initiating event of AMI?

  • Exposure of necrotic plaque contents to subendothelial collagen
  • Activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway
  • Endothelial injury
  • Disruption of the atheromatous plaque
A

Endothelial injury

GEN PATH (17 decks)

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