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DRUGS I LOVE T_T > CARDIO DRUGS > Flashcards

CARDIO DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

Make heart beat slower but stronger
+ Improve pumping ability of heart
+ Increase force of heart’s contraction
+ Decrease rate of contraction
+ Increases cardiac output

A

CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES

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2
Q

Digoxin
Digitoxin

USED FOR?

A

Congestive Heart Failure
Atrial flutter, Atrial fibrillation

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3
Q

CI FOR CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES

A

Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Second and third degree heart block

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4
Q

Vision changes in client w too much digoxin

A

yellow-green halos

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5
Q

Before giving glycosides, check apical pulse and heart rhythm. Report if

A

<60 bpm (adult)
<90 bpm (infants)

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6
Q

Therapeutic range of DIGOZXIN

A

0.5 to 2.0 mg/mL

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7
Q

Antidote for Digoxin tocicity

A

DIGOXIN IMMUNE FAB (Digibind)

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8
Q

Daily weights: Report increase of?

A

2 pounds

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9
Q

Dilate peripheral blood vessels
+ Prevent hypertension

A

ANTI-HYPERTENSIVES

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10
Q

Captopril
Enalapril

A

Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-I)

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11
Q

Losartan
Telmisartan
Irbesartan

A

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

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12
Q

Verapamil
Diltiazem

Nifedipine
Nicardipine

A

Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB)

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13
Q

Hydralazine hydrochloride
Reserpine
Prazosin hydrochloride
Methyldopa
Clonidine

A

OTHERS

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14
Q

Encourage intake of foods high in

A

Vitamin B

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15
Q

___ is able to break down clots

A

Plasmin

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16
Q

Binds with plasminogen to dissolve thrombi (clots) in coronary arteries

A

THROMBOLYTICS

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17
Q

Streptokinase
Urokinase

A

THROMBOLYTICS

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18
Q

THROMBOLYTICS used for

A

MI, DVT, Pulmonary emboli

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19
Q

3 things to monitor of thrombolytics administration

A

bleeding times, coagulation studies, allergic reactions

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20
Q

Antidote for thrombolytics

A

Aminocaproic acid

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21
Q

Lower LDL levels by reducing the synthesis of cholesterol and/or triglycerides

A

ANTI-LIPIDEMIC

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22
Q

Atorvastatin
Simvastatin

A

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

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23
Q

Colestipol
Cholestyramine

A

Bile Acid Sequestrants

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24
Q

2 things to monitor on anti-lipidemic administration

A

cholesterol levels,
liver function test

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25
Q

____ and ____ will be necessary during treatment

A

blood work + eye exams

26
Q

Recommended diet for hypercholesterolemia

A

low cholesterol; high-fiber

27
Q

Dilate arterioles which lowers peripheral vascular resistance (afterload)

A

ANTI-ANGINALS

28
Q

Nitroglycerin
Isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide mononitrate

used for?

A

ANGINA

29
Q

Sublingual Medications
MUST:
1.
2.

A

Offer sips of water before giving. (dryness may inhibit absorption)

Instruct to put under the tongue and leave until fully dissolved

30
Q

Translingual Medications (tongue spray)
MUST:
1.
2.

A

Instruct the client to spray directly against the oral mucosa.

Avoid inhaling the spray.

31
Q

Transmucosal-Buccal Medications
MUST:
1.

A

Instruct the client to put between the upper lip and gum or in the buccal area between the cheek and
gum.

32
Q

Transdermal Patch
MUST:
1.
2.

A

Instruct the client to apply the patch over a hairless area, using a new patch and a different site each day.

Instruct the client to remove the patch after 12-14 hours, allowing 10-12 “patch-free” hours to avoid tolerance

33
Q

Topical Ointments
MUST:
1.
2.

A

Instruct the client to remove the ointment on the skin from the previous dose

Avoid hairy areas. Cover with plastic wrap. Rotate sites.

34
Q

NITRATES are administered every ___ but not more than ___ tablets

A

5 minutes; 3

35
Q

Replace drug approximately every

A

6 mos

36
Q

Inhibit sympathetic stimulation of beta-receptors in the heart

+ Decrease heart rate and force of myocardial contraction

A

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents

37
Q

Propranolol
Metoprolol
Nadolol
Timolol
Acebutolol
Betaxolol
Esmolol
Pindolol
Penbutolol

A

Reduces frequency and severity of acute anginal attacks, dysrhythmias

38
Q

Weigh daily. Report weight gain of

A

5 lbs or greater

39
Q

Prevent the movement of extracellular calcium into the cell resulting in coronary and peripheral artery dilation

A

Calcium-Channel Blockers

40
Q

Calcium-Channel Blockers USES

A

Stable angina
Dysrhythmias
Hypertension

41
Q

Verapamil
Nifedipine
Diltiazem
Nicardipine
Felodipine

A

Calcium-Channel Blockers

42
Q

Dopamine & Dobutamine USES

A

hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock

43
Q

Epinephrine USES

A

anaphylactic shock

44
Q

Inotrope

A

Increases cardiac contractility

45
Q

Chronotrope

A

Increases heart rate

46
Q

Dromotrope

A

Increases AV conduction

47
Q

Disrupt the blood coagulation process
+ Thereby suppressing the production of fibrin

A

ANTICOAGULANTS

48
Q

Heparin
Warfarin

A

Anti-coags

49
Q

ANTICOAGULANTS USES

A

Pulmonary embolism, DVT, MI, A-Fib

50
Q

Heparin: Monitor ___
Therapeutic levels:

A

aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)

1.5 to 2.5 (25 to 38 seconds)

51
Q

Parenteral (SQ) Coumadin/Warfarin: Monitor ____
Therapeutic levels INR:

A

PT (Prothrombin time)
INR: 2.0 to 3.0

52
Q

ANTIDOTES
Heparin:
Warfarin: Vitamin K

A

Protamine sulfate
Vitamin K

53
Q

Report any signs of

A

BLEEDING

54
Q

Prevent abnormal heart rhythms

A

ANTI-DYSRHYTMICS

55
Q

Quinidine
Procainamide
Lidocaine
Flecainide

A

Class I (Sodium Channel
Blockers)

56
Q

Acebutolol
Propranolol
Esmolol

A

Class II (Beta Blockers)

57
Q

Bretylium
Amiodarone

A

Class III (Conduction
Delayers)

58
Q

Verapamil
Diltiazem
Nifedipine

A

Class IV (Calcium – channel
Blockers)

59
Q

Treat abnormalities in cardiac rate and rhythm

A

ANTI-DYSRHYTMICS

60
Q

BEST to monitor for dysrhythmias

A

ECG

DRUGS I LOVE T_T (11 decks)

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