Cardio - CCRN - Etsy Flashcards
S2 can be louder with
Pulmonary Embolus
S1
* sound
* which valves are closing
* where to auscultate
* which part of cardiac cycle
sound?
“Lub”
* closure of mitral and tricuspid (A/V valves)
* loudest at APEX (5th ICS, MCL) - bottom
* end of diastole
S2
* sound
* which valves are closing
* where to auscultate
* which part of cardiac cycle
“Dub”
* closure - AV & PV (semilunar)
* beginning of diastole
* loudest at BASE (2nd ics, RSB)
* * louder with PE
Where to auscultate the BASE
What will you hear here?
2nd Ics, RSB
“dub”, S2,
Where to auscultate APEX
What do you hear here?
5th ICS, MCL
S1, “lub”, Closure of MV & TV
S3 & S4
S3
- KY
- Bell
- rapid rush of blood into dilated ventricle
- r/t: Pulm HTN, RHF, LHF, Valve insuff (all but PV)
S4
TN
Right before S1
r/t: ventriculary hypertrophy, MI, HTN
Pericardial friction rub question: you should think…
details:
rule out pericarditis
positional, deep breath
Pericardial friction rub v. pericarditis
pericardial friction rub is caused by pericarditis
QT prolongation can lead to:
Torsades
QT > 0.43
things that prolong QT: (prolonged QT can cause what)
- hypo K, MG, Ca
- drugs (amio, haloperidol, procainamide, quinidine
- **prolonged QT causes torsades
- **tx for torsades = Mg
Mitral Stenosis is associated with:
A-fib d/t atrial enlargement
Systolic Murmurs
(murmurs that occur during systole)
(S1-M-S2)
A/P open
M/T closed
Valve replacement
mechanical lasts longer
high risk: blood clots
need anticoagulation: ASA, plavix
AVOID drop in PRELOAD
arrhythmias: r/t near SA & AV nodes
May need pacemaker
HTN emergency
180/120
Accelerated HTN - DBP >120
Malignant HTN - DBP >140
ICU admission
NITROPRUSSIDE (cyanide) - vasodilates, ⬇️ preload, ⬇️afterload
LABATALOL IV Push
