Cardio Anatomy Part 2 Flashcards
Locate the 4 valves of the heart in the diagram below:
The right side of the heart receives (oxygenated or dexoygenated) blood?
Right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood.
This venous blood flows back from the body to the heart where it enters via the superior & inferior vena cava & pumps it through the pulmonary trunk & arteries to be oxygenated.
This blood appears blue.
Right = blue = deoxygenated blood
The left side of the heart receives (oxygenated or dexoygenated) blood?
The left side of the heart recieves oxygenated blood.
The arterial blood flows from the lungs following oxygenation, back into the heart via the pulmonary veins & the heart then pumps it into the aorta for distribution tothe body.
This blood appears red.
Left = red = oxygenated blood
Which subdivision of the mediastinum is the heart located?
The heart is located in the Middle Inferior mediastinum, just below the transverse thoracic plane, and just above the diaphragm.
What arteries supply the heart itself with it’s blood supply?
Coronary arteries
What occurs during diastole? Which heart sound corresponds to this step?
Ventricular elongation & filling with blood from the atria; marks the beginning of the cardiac cycle.
In a blood pressure reading, diastolic pressure is the denominator (number at the bottom).
The corresponding heart sound is the first hearts sound; a “lub” sound
What occurs during systole? Which heart sound corresponds to this step?
Blood is expelled out of the ventricles through the aorta to be distributed to the body; marks the end of the cardiac cycle.
In a blood pressure reading, systolic pressure is the numerator (number at the top).
The corresponding heart sound is the second heart sound; a “dub” sound
Why does the heart make the “lub” “dub” sounds?
The heart sounds are produced by the snapping shut of the one-way valves that normally keep blood from flowing backward during contractions of the heart.
Identify the structures of the heart in the diagram below:
List the three layers of the heart from internal/deep to external/superficial
- Endocardium, a thin internal layer (endothelium and subendothelial connective tissue) or lining membrane of the heart that also covers its valves.
- Myocardium, a thick, helical middle layer composed of cardiac muscle.
- Epicardium, a thin external layer (mesothelium) formed by the visceral layer of serous pericardium.
Briefly describe the 5 steps of blood flow through the heart including which valves open/close
What is the function of the fibrous skeleton of the heart and how many rings or encircling valves & trigones does it have?
Function: provides stability & insulation of electrical signals.
Has 4 rings/encircling valves & 2 trigones
What are the four surfaces of the heart?
- Anterior/sternocostal - mainly RV
- Inferior/Diaphragmatic - mainly LV, partly RV
- Right Pulmonary - mainly RA
- Left Pulmonary- mainly LV; this surface forms the cardiac impression seen on the left lung
What is the sinus venarum?
The smooth-walled part of the right atrium, where all of the venous structures that enter the right atrium (such as the SVC & IVC) will open up into.
Where is the inflow from the SVC directed to in interior of the right atrium?
Toward the right atrioventricular orifice
Where is the inflow from the IVC directed to in interior of the right atrium?
Toward the oval fossa
Identify structures of the right ventricle of the heart
The pulmonary valve allows blood to flow from ________ to _________.
Right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation.
The aortic valve allows blood to flow from ________ to _________.
The left ventricle to the aorta, to supply the rest of the body.
What is the conus arteriosus?
The outflow part of the right ventricle. It leads right into the pulmonary trunk.
Conus arteriosis also called the infundibulum.
What is the inflow part of the right ventricle?
The right AV orifice, where the right ventricle receives blood from the right atrium.
