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PANRE > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

What degree is:
Lead I
Lead II
Lead III

A

1: 0
2: +60
3: +120

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2
Q

What degree is:
AvL
AvF
AvR

A

AvL: -30
AvF: +90
AvR: -150

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3
Q

Lead I has + QRS
AvF has + QRS
What is the axis

A

Normal

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4
Q

Lead I has + QRS
AvF has - QRS
WHAT IS THE AXIS

A

Left axis deviation

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5
Q

Lead I has - QRS
AvF has + QRS
WHAT IS THE AXIS

A

Right axis deviation

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6
Q

How do you find the exact axis degree on an ekg

A

Find the lead with the biphasic p wave. The axis is perpendicular

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7
Q

What is a normal PR interval

A

0.2 sec

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8
Q

Which atria usually enlarged due to severe lung dz

A

Right atria

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9
Q

Which valve is associated with left atrial enlargement

A

Mitral

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10
Q

What changes on ekg with RAE

A

P wave with high amplitude in inferior lead

II, III, AvF

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11
Q

What ekg change with LAE

A

V1: p wave with large negative deflection

V1 and lead II: long duration of p wave

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12
Q

EKG for RVH

A
  1. R axis deviation
  2. V1: R wave > S wave
  3. V6: S wave > R wave
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13
Q

What usually causes RVH

A

Pulmonary dz and congenital heart dz

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14
Q

LVH on EKG

A
  1. LAD

2. (R wave in V5/V6) + (S wave in V1/V2) is > 35mm

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15
Q

What usually causes LVH

A

HTN and valvular dz

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16
Q

What is the bpm of a junctional rhythm

A

40-60 bpm

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17
Q

How long is a normal QRS complex

A

0.12 sec

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18
Q

Normal P waves and narrow QRS

Where is the problem coming from

A

Above the ventricles

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19
Q

No p waves / abnormal p waves
Wide QRS complex

Where is the problem coming from

A

Ventricles

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20
Q

How to see PAC on ekg

A

Weird p wave with an early QRS

  • QRS IS NARROW
21
Q

How to tell psvt on ekg

A

Tachy with retrograde p waves
R’ in v1

  • QRS IS NARROW
22
Q

PVC on ekg

A
  • QRS IS WIDE

and weird

23
Q

Vtach on ekg

A

QRS IS WIDE

usually regular

24
Q

5 things that make PVCs bad

A 
Frequent
Multiform
3-5 consecutive
Occurs on a t wave
During MI
25
Q

1st degree block on ekg

A

PR > 0.2sec

26
Q

2nd degree Type I AV block on ekg

A

Progressive lengthening of PRI then a dropped QRS

27
Q

2nd degree type II AV block on ekg

A

P wave with no QRS, NO progressive lengthening

28
Q

Right BBB on ekg

A

Bunny ears in v1 and v2

QRS IS WIDE

29
Q

Left BBB on ekg

A

Large R waves in v5, v6

WIDE QRS

30
Q

Inferior MI leads

A

II, III, AvF

31
Q

Lateral MI leads

A

I, AvL, v5, v6

32
Q

Anterior MI leads

A

V1 - V3

33
Q

Posterior MI leads

A

V1, V2

34
Q

Anteroseptal MI leads

A

V1, V2

35
Q

Anterolateral MI leads

A

V4 - V6

36
Q

When do you repeat troponins

A

Every 8-12 hr

37
Q

Which pediatric murmur is continuous and machinery

A

PDA

38
Q

Which pediatric murmur is a systolic murmur at the LLSB, may have s/s of CHF

A

VSD

39
Q

Which pediatric murmur is a systolic ejection murmur at 2nd LICA, early to mid systolic and causes FTT, a wide fixed split S2, and a RV heave

A

ASD

40
Q

Where is the murmur heard and where does it radiate:

AS

A

2nd RICS

Rad to neck and LSB

41
Q

Where is the murmur heard and where does it radiate:

AR

A

2-4 LICS

Rad to apex and RSB

42
Q

Where is the murmur heard and where does it radiate:

MS

A

Apex

No rad

43
Q

Where is the murmur heard and where does it radiate:

MR

A

Apex

Rad to L axilla

44
Q

Describe the timing of the murmur and what makes it louder:

AS

A

Midsystolic

Sitting leaning forward

45
Q

Describe the timing of the murmur and what makes it louder:

AR

A

Systolic
And diastolic decrescendo

Sitting leaning forward, full exhale

46
Q

Describe the timing of the murmur and what makes it louder:

MS

A

Middiastolic
Left lateral position, full exhale

Accentuated S1, opening snap

47
Q

Describe the timing of the murmur and what makes it louder:

MR

A

Pansystolic

48
Q 
Tricuspid regurgitate:
Where do you hear it
Where does it radiate
What is the timing
What makes it louder
A

LLSB
Rad to R sternum/xiphoid
Pansystolic
Increases with inspiration slightly

49
Q 
Pulmonic stenosis:
Where do you hear it
Where does it radiate
What is the timing
What makes it louder
A

2nd-3rd LICS
Rad to L shoulder and neck
Systolic; mid-systolic crescendo-decrescendo
None

Early pulmonic ejection sound

PANRE (13 decks)

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