Cardio Flashcards
uncontrolled Hypertension is a risk factor for what murmur?
aortic regurgitation
most common cause of aortic stenosis?
3 cardinal symptoms of aortic stenosis?
age related calcification
chest pain, LOC, and dyspnea on exertion
How to manage unstable SVT?
how to manage stable SVT?
sedation and cardioversion
vagal maneuvers, adenosine, and then beta blocker
If I see splinter hemorrhages what am I thinking?
bacterial endocarditis
two bugs causing early endocarditis on prosthetic valves?
bug causing late endocarditis on valve?
Also, what is the time frame of early to late?
staph epidermis and staph aureus, epidermis is more in the first 6 months, and staph aureus is late
strep species
early is within 12 months and late is after 12 months
CO, PCWP, and SVR of cardiogenic shock?
low, high, high
CO, PCWP, and SVR of hemorrhagic shock?
low, low, high
CO, PCWP, and SVR of septic shock?
high, low, low
CO, PCWP, and SVR of anaphylactic shock?
high, low, low
CO, PCWP, and SVR of neurogenic shock?
low, low, low
What is the most common primary tumor of the heart in adults?
myxoma
acute CHF is treated how?
sodium restriction, ace, and Lasix
What is the EKG finding for hypothermia?
J or Osborne wave which comes right after the QRS in V2-V5
What is variant angina and how to manage?
classical ekg finding?
what is absolutely contraindicated?
transient angina caused by vasospasms of the coronary arteries. calcium channel blocker
st elevations that quickly return to baseline when relieved
beta blockers
What does the CHADSVAS acronym stand for when dealing with stroke?
congestive heart failure HTN and HER Age over 75 Diabetes stroke before vascular disease
4 things to consider for management of peripheral artery disease?
statin, BP med, blood sugar under control, anti platelet
what bone would compress the facial nerve?
temporal bone
What is the first diagnostic test of choice when heart failure is suspected?
BNP
If I see QRS super peaked what should I always be thinking?
LV hypertrophy from long standing hypertension
4 EKG strips we give epinephrine for?
What are we looking for to do cardioversion?
v fib, pulseless v tach, pulseless activity, and asystole
the unstable patient with symptomatic tachy but the important thing is unstable so look at vitals.
3 steps in treating v fib?
compressions
defib
epi
buzz word wide, fixed splt s2 is what heart problem?
ASD
What is the most common family high cholesterol diseases?
2a
with a PDA, what will we normally see on xray and why>
increased pulmonary markings because of the left to right shunt causing back up pressure and volume into the lungs
What two classes of meds to use for HTN in blacks?
calcium channel blockers and thiazides
What is the first initial step in treating aortic dissection?
beta blockers to lower blood pressure and then sodium nitroprusside
best test to diagnose acute tamponade?
eco
TTE
What will the EKG finding be for pericarditis due to uremia and why
peaked t waves because of the hyperkalemia due to the uremia. Not st elvations because inflammation is not the problem.
if we are dealing with a patient with family high cholesterol, what are we thinking for the LDL?
over 300
What is the most common paroxysmal supra ventricular tachy in young adults?
what can sometimes terminate it?
patho?
AV reentrant tachy
vagal maneuvers
dual av node physiology
