Cardio Flashcards
What genetic disorder is MC in Asian males and associated with syncope and sudden cardiac death?
Brugada Syndrome
Brugada Syndrome EKG findings
- ST elevation: V1-V3
- T wave inversion: V1-V2
- RBBB
Brugada Syndrome treatment
AICD to prevent death from V-fib
What are the 3 main components of cariogenic shock?
- Vasoconstriction: Increased SVR
- Hypotension: Decreased CO
- Increased Pulmonary Wedge Pressure= >15mmHg
What is the MCC’s of Cariogenic shock
Obstructive:
- Massive PE
- Cardiac Tamponade
- Tension Pneumothorax
Cardiogenic shock treatment
- Oxygen
- Isotonic fluids: AVOID LARGE AMOUNTS
- Inotropic drugs: Dobutamine (1st line), Epinephrine
what are the 2 MCC of acute pericarditis?
- Idiopathic
2. Viral: Coxsackie (enteroviruses)
What is the MCC of pericardial effusion?
Pericarditis
EKG findings in pericardial effusion
- Low voltage QRS
2. Electrical Alternans
What is Beck’s Triad? What condition do we see this in?
Beck’s triad: Muffled heart sounds + Increased JVP + Hypotension
Cardiac tamponade
Echo findings in cardiac tamponade
Effusion + Diastolic collapse of cardiac chambers
Cardiac tamponade treatment
Pericardiocentesis
What size is considered an aortic aneurysm?
> 3.0 cm
What is the MC presentation in AAA?
Asymptomatic
Often incidental finding
What is the INITIAL study of choice in SUSPECTED AAA?
Abdominal US
What is TOC for thoracic aneurysm?
CT scan
What is GOLD STANDARD in the diagnosis of AAA?
Angiography
What AAA size requires immediate surgical repair regardless of sx’s?
> 5.5 cm OR
>0.5 cm expansion in 6 mos
What is the MC risk factor in AAA?
Atherosclerosis
What is the most important predisposing factor/RF in Aortic dissection?
HTN
What type of aortic dissection has the highest mortality? which is the MC?
Ascending=MC and highest mortality
What heart sound would you expect to find in an ascending aortic dissection?
acute new-onset aortic regurgitation
What study is considered GOLD STANDARD in aortic dissection?
MRI Angiography
What is a classic CXR findings in aortic dissection?
Widening of the mediastinum
