Cardio Flashcards
1
Q
2 main types of congenital heart disease
A
- Acyanotic
- LtoR shunt
- obstructive - cyanotic
- R to L
- other
see p.55
2
Q
5 most common cyanotics
A
- TOF
- PA stenosis, RV hypertrophy, VSD, overriding aorta - truncus art.
- single trunck to arch, PA, cor. As - transposition
- tricuspid atresia
- abscence of tricuspid valve forces all acrose ASD - total anomalous pulm. venous connection
- PV not connected to LA
3
Q
findings in VSD (3)
A
- murmur
- holosystolic
- soft suggests R side high, harsh is low - heart sounds
- loss of split - CHF Sx
4
Q
Tx of VSD
A
- diuretics and nut. for CHF
- if closing, then monitor closely, otherwise surgery
5
Q
3 types of ASD
A
ostium secundum
ostium primum
sinus venosus
6
Q
3 findins in ASD
A
- murmur
- systolic ejection murmur at pulmonic valve - heart sounds
- wide split, fixed S2 - CHF Sx
- rare and occur later in life
7
Q
Tx of ASD
A
- most remain active and no Sx
-
8
Q
2 findings in patent DA
A
- murmur
- cont. murmur at L infraclavicular area or L sternal border - PHx
- bounding pulses, hyperactive precordium, tachycard., wide pulse pressure
9
Q
what is CHF
A
heart cannot deliver CO for body needs
10
Q
4 things CHF may be secondary to
A
- low O2
- hypermetablic state (hyperthyroid)
- highoutput circ. state
- abnormal myocardium
11
Q
2 tachys and 2 megalys of CHF
A
tachycardia and tachypnea
cardio and hepatomegaly
12
Q
other CHF findings in infants
A
fail to thrive
- weak cry
gallop rhytm
13
Q
DDx fo CHF
A
see P 58
14
Q
5 invest. for CHF
A
- ECG
- ECHO
- CXR
- pre and post ductal o2 sats
- 4 limb BP
- > systolic in upper Vs. lower suggest arch path
15
Q
6 ways to describe mumur
A
- intensity
- timing
- location
- quality
- radition
- positional/postural maneuvers
