cardio Flashcards
angina symptoms
chest pain - provoked by exercise (stable)
epigastric discomfort
investigations for angina
ECG
lipid profile
CT angiogram (gold)
management of angina
- lifestyle - diet, exercise, smoking cessation
+ antiplatelets - GTN spray - SE headaches
- B blocker or CCB
- long acting nitrates, nicorandil
AAA symptoms
epigastric central pain
sudden onset if ruptures
LOC
AAA investigations
aortic ultrasound
CT angiogram
AAA management
surgery >5.5cm
AF investigations
no p waves
irregularly irregular
AF management
beta blocker - atenolol
CCB - diltiazem
unstable - DC cardioversion
+ anticoagulation
ECG sawtooth pattern
atrial flutter
broad complex tachycardia =
ventricular tachycardia
pulseless VT mangement
shock
stable VT management
amiodarone
torsades de pointes (polymorphic VT) mangement
IV magnesium sulphate
shapeless ECG
ventricular fibrillation
management VF
shock
ECG of SVT
narrow complex QRS
management of SVT
valsalva manoeuvre
adenosine
left sided heart failure symptoms
pulmonary oedema
pinky frothy sputum
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea
right sided heart failure symptoms
peripheral oedema
ascites
heart failure investigations
CXR - abcde
ECG
echo
heart failure management
ABAL
ace i
B blocker
aldosterone antagonist (spironolactone)
Loop diuretic - furosemide
acute heart failure management
LMNOP
- lasix - furosemide
- morphine
- nitrate
- oxygen
- positional - sit them up
early diastolic murmur when patient sitting forward
aortic regurgitation
ejection systolic murmur, crescendo decrescendo
aortic stenosis
holosystolic murmur, blowing at apex
mitral regurgitation
mid diastolic murmur, rumble at apex
malar flush
mitral stenosis
chest pain relieved by sitting forward
pericardial rub
pericarditis
saddle shape ECG
pericarditis
management of pericarditis
NSAIDs
