Cardio

Question 1

Cardiac output

Answer 1

4-8 l/min

Question 2

Cardiac index

Answer 2

2.5-5 l/min

Question 3

Strove volume

Answer 3

Affected by pre load contractility and after load

Question 4

Pre load

Answer 4

Load that stretches cardiac tissue before contraction

Amount of blood returned to the right heart from body

Amount of blood returned to the left heart from lungs

Question 5

Contractility

Answer 5

Frank starling: stroke volume increases in response to increase in volume of blood filling heart

Question 6

After load

Answer 6

Right heart afterload is affected by pulmonary arteries

Left heart afterload affected by Systemic vascular resistance

Question 7

PVR

Answer 7

Measures afterload of the right heart

Increased: acidosis
Decrease: alkalosis

Question 8

SVR

Answer 8

Measures afterload of the left heart

Question 9

S1

Answer 9

Bicuspid/tricuspid valve closure

Question 10

S2

Answer 10

Aortic/pulmonic valve closure

Question 11

S3

Answer 11

Excess filling of ventricles

Question 12

S4

Answer 12

Blood being forced into non compliant ventricle

Before s1

Question 13

Sodium

Answer 13

Flows into cell to initiate depolarization

Question 14

Potassium

Answer 14

Hypokalemia: increased cardiac irritability

Hyperkalemia: decreased automaticity/conduction

Question 15

RCA

Answer 15

Supplies right ventricle and SA mode

Question 16

PDA

Answer 16

Inferior wall, ventricular septum and papillary muscles

Question 17

Left coronary artery

Answer 17

Widow maker of blocked

Question 18

Left anterior descending

Answer 18

Supplies left ventricle and anterior septum

Question 19

Left circumflex

Answer 19

Lateral left ventricle/posterior left ventricle

Question 20

Inferior MI

Answer 20

RCA
papillary muscle dysfunction

V4r

Question 21

Anterior MI

Answer 21

Caused from occlusion of LAD

Question 22

Anterioseptal MI

Answer 22

LAD FONA/Mona

Question 23

Lateral Mi

Answer 23

LCX

Question 24

Posterior MI

Answer 24

PDA

Question 25

Beta blockers for AMI

Answer 25

Reduce heart rate, reduce oxygen demand

Question 26

Heparin/lovenox

Answer 26

Decrease clot formation in coronary arteries

Question 27

A1

Answer 27

Vasoconstrict

Question 28

B1

Answer 28

Increase hr and contractility

Question 29

B2

Answer 29

Dilate bronchioles and blood vessels

Question 30

Dopaminergic

Answer 30

Gut kidney vessel dilation

Question 31

Cholinergic

Answer 31

Decrease hr

Question 32

Dobutamine and miltinone

Answer 32

Used for cardiogenic shock

Question 33

Increase SVR

Answer 33

Dopamine, epi, levo

Question 34

Decrease SVR

Answer 34

Nitroprusside Vasodilators

Question 35

PA catheter

Answer 35

1.5,, air >15seconds or 3 breaths Monitoring/lab sample blood

Question 36

CVP

Answer 36

2-6 mmhg Measures right heart pre load

Question 37

RV

Answer 37

15-25 systolic

Question 38

PA pressure

Answer 38

15-25

Question 39

PAWP

Answer 39

8-13

Question 40

CPP

Answer 40

50-60

Question 41

Effects of IABP

Answer 41

Increase coronary perfusion Decrease heart workload

Question 42

IABP placement

Answer 42

Distal left subclavian and above renal artery

Question 43

Gold flakes

Answer 43

Rupture

Question 44

Late deflation

Answer 44

Worst timing error

Question 45

Kernigs sign

Answer 45

Stiff hamstring Meningitis

Question 46

Brudzinkis sign

Answer 46

Lifting leg when lift head Meningitis

Question 47

MAP

Answer 47

70-110

Question 48

ICP

Answer 48

0-15

Question 49

CPP

Answer 49

70-90

Question 50

MAP

Answer 50

(2xdp) +s/3

Question 51

CPP

Answer 51

Map-icp

Question 52

Cushings triad

Answer 52

WIidened pulse pressure Bradycardia Respiratory changes ICP

Question 53

Kehrs sign

Answer 53

Splenic rupture

Question 54

Liver/colon

Answer 54

Most inj solid organ Most injured hollow

Question 55

Coppernail sign

Answer 55

Scrotal or labial redness