Airway

Question 1

Critical values

Answer 1

Ph< 7.2, CO2>55, and PAO2 <60

Question 2

LEMON

Answer 2

Look, evaluate (3,3,2), Mallampati, Obstructions, Neck Mobility

Question 3

Mallampati 2

Answer 3

Tonsillitis pillars hidden by tongue

Question 4

Mallampati 3

Answer 4

Only base of uvula can be seen

Question 5

Mallampati 4

Answer 5

Uvula cannot be seen

Question 6

HEAVEN

Answer 6

Hypoxemia = 93% at time of laryngoscope
Extreme size: less than 8yo or obese
Anatomic challenges
Vomit, blood, fluid
Exsanguination/anemia
Neck mobility

Question 7

Ramping

Answer 7

Ear to sternal notch

Question 8

Sellicks maneuver

Answer 8

Posterior pressure on cricoid cartilage, no longer recommended.
(Choke time sellick who doesn’t work anymore)

Question 9

BURP

Answer 9

Backward, upward, rightward pressure

Question 10

External laryngeal manipulation

Answer 10

Provider brings cords into view and then airway assistant maintained positioning

Question 11

Mac blade

Answer 11

Lifts epiglottis via the vallecula

Question 12

Miller

Answer 12

Direct displacement of epiglottis
Neonates, infants

Question 13

Bougie

Answer 13

Adults 15 fr
Pediatrics 10 fr

Question 14

High flow nasal cannula

Answer 14

20-60 liters per min

Question 15

Ett cuff pressure

Answer 15

20-30 mmhg
(25 is standard)

Question 16

Standard of placement

Answer 16

Chest X-ray, 4-5 cm above carina
T3-t4

Question 17

End tidal CO2

Answer 17

Inhalation ⬇️ expiration ⬆️ expiratory plateau ➡️ ETCO2

Question 18

Colorimetric device

Answer 18

Yellow is yea, purple is pull

Question 19

RSI 7ps

Answer 19

Prep
Preoxygenate
Pretreatment
Paralysis with induction
Protect and position
Placement with proof
Post intubation management

Question 20

RSI LOAD

Answer 20

Lidocaine: blunts cough reflex
Opiates: pain response
Atropine for infants: prev reflexive Brady cardia
Defasicilating dose: 1/10 dose of roc or vec

Question 21

Fentanyl

Answer 21

1mcg/kg
Onset 3-5 min
Duration 30-60 min

Question 22

Etomidate

Answer 22

.3 mg/kg
Contraindicated for pt with adrenal suppression, copd or asthmatic
No analgesic

Question 23

Ketamine

Answer 23

1-2 mg/kg iv(rsi)
.1-.2 mg/kg pain
5mg/kg I’m )combative

Question 24

Midazolam

Answer 24

2.5-5 mg iv
Flumazeni = .2 mg

Question 25

Propofol

Answer 25

1-2 mg/kg 25-50 mcg/kg/min mtn dose Decreases map and cpp

Question 26

Succinylcholine

Answer 26

1-2 mg/kg Requires refrigeration Contraindications: crush, eye MH, etc

Question 27

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer 27

Rapid increase in temperature. Treat with DANTROLENE SODIUM seen after succs or other inhaled anestetics

Question 28

Rocuronium

Answer 28

Does not cause .6-1.2 mg/kg .1.2mg/kg maintained Good for 30 days after refrigeration Sugannadex(bridion) 16mg/kg reversal

Question 29

Vecuroniun (norcuron)

Answer 29

.15 mg/kg Used post roc or succ to keep paralyzed

Question 30

Hemodynamicly unstable pts for rsi

Answer 30

Use 1/2 induction dose Double paralytic dose

Question 31

SALAD

Answer 31

Suction assisted laryngoscope airway decontamination

Question 32

Post intubation mngt

Answer 32

Fentanyl: .05-1.5 mcg/kg q 5 min Ketamine: .5-1 mg/kg q 15min Midazolam: 2-5mg q 15 min

Question 33

Post intubation infusions

Answer 33

Fentanyl: 1-3 mcg/kg/hr (Mix 500mcg/100ml = 5mcg/ml) Ketamine: 1-2 mg/kg/hr (500mg/250ml= 2mg/ml) Versed: .05-.1mg/kg/hr

Question 34

When to cric

Answer 34

Can’t intubate, can’t ventilate, can’t oxygenate

Question 35

Tidal volume

Answer 35

How much air the pt breaths in normal breath

Question 36

Inspiration reserve volume

Answer 36

Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled in addition to normal tidal volume

Question 37

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 37

Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after normal tidal volume breath

Question 38

Vital capacity

Answer 38

Tidal volume + inspiration reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume

Question 39

Residual volume

Answer 39

Amount of air left after forceful exhalation

Question 40

Total lung capacity

Answer 40

Irv+TV+ERV+RV

Question 41

Dead space

Answer 41

2ml/kg Surface of airway not involved is gaseous exchange

Question 42

Central chemoreceptors

Answer 42

Medulla/pons Drivin by CO2 and H in csf

Question 43

Peripheral chemoreceptors

Answer 43

Located in aortic arch/carotid bodies Drivin by O2, CO2 and H Your body’s pulse ox

Question 44

Ducks law of diffusion

Answer 44

Gasss travel from area of higher concentration to lower

Question 45

Apneustic

Answer 45

Deep gasping inspiration with pause at full inspiration and insufficient release

Question 46

Ataxic

Answer 46

Completely irregular breathing

Question 47

Biots

Answer 47

Quick shallow inspiration followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea

Question 48

Cheyne-stokes

Answer 48

Deeper and sometimes faster breaths followed by gradual decrease/apnea (Associated with decorticate/cushings)

Question 49

Kussmaul

Answer 49

Respirations gradually become deep labored and gasping