Cardio

Question 1

What should the target INR be for a patient with prosthetic valve replacement?

Answer 1

Mitral: 3.5
Aortic: 3.0

Question 2

What is the acceptable range for creatinine and K+ to change In ACEi use

Answer 2

Creatinine: >30% baseline
K+ 5.5

stop potassium above 6

Question 3

Name 3 big causes of dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

1. Alcohol and cocaine
2. Duchenne
3. Idiopathic

Question 4

What murmur are IVDU more likely to have? Sign this comes with?

Answer 4

• Tricuspid regurgitation

- Femoral abcess

Question 5

What kind of rhythm does tension pneumothorax cause?

Answer 5

PEA

Question 6

Name 3 associations of Tussauds de Point?

Answer 6

1. SAH
2. Prolonged QT drugs
3. Hypo Mg2+, Ca2+, K+

Question 7

What causes bisferiens pulse?

Answer 7

HOCM due to sub aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation

Question 8

Key finding on CT for aortic dissection

Answer 8

False Lumen

Question 9

Why does T2DM cause postural drop

Answer 9

Autonomic Dysfunction

Question 10

Bendroflumothiazide mechanism and adverse effect?

Answer 10

• Inhibit Na+ reapsorbtion at DCT
• Hypercalcaemia
• Impaired glucose tolerance
• Gout
• Postural drop

Question 11

When should a patient in acute heart failure be started on a beta blocker?

Answer 11

When they are stabilised and weened off diuretics

Question 12

What 2 conditions can thiazide like diuretic exacerbate?

Answer 12

1. Gout

2. Diabetes

Question 13

Best 3rd line treatment of Heart Failure for Afro-Carrabein?

Answer 13

Hydralazine and Nitrate

Question 14

Important point for starting ivabridine in heart failure?

Answer 14

Heart rate should be above 75 to avoid bradycardia

Question 15

What happens to Blood Pressure in aortic dissection?

Answer 15

Variation in each arm

Question 16

Drug to avoid in moderate-severe aortic stenosis?

Answer 16

ACEi

Question 17

Drug to avoid in Heart Block?

Answer 17

Quinine

Question 18

Genetic pattern HOCM

Answer 18

Autosomal Dominant

Question 19

Most common cause of death post MI

Answer 19

Ventricular Fibrillation

Question 20

Electrolyte abnormalities with thiazide diuretics

Answer 20

1. Hypercalcaemia
2. Hyponatremia
3. Hypokalemia

Question 21

What is the preferred treatment for SVT in asthmatics?

Answer 21

Verapamil

Question 22

ACEi or ARB in afro Caribbean patients second line?

Answer 22

ARB

Question 23

Murmur heard in ASD Vs. VSD

Answer 23

ASD: Ejection systolic louder on inspiration Fixed split sound

VSD: Pan systolic

Question 24

When is an exercise tolerance test contraindicated?

Answer 24

Aortic Stenosis

Question 25

Indication for thrombolysis in PE?

Answer 25

Hypotension

Question 26

Echo findings suggestive of HOCM?

Answer 26

Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflet

Mitral Regurgitation

Asymmetric Hypertrophy

Question 27

Drug that can cause cool peripheries?

Answer 27

Propanalol

Question 28

Acute pericardititis is made worse when….?

Answer 28

Lying Down

Question 29

Reversal of Dagbigatran?

Answer 29

Idarucizumab

Question 30

Radio Femoral Delay?

Answer 30

Coarctation of aorta plus murmur heard loudest over the back

Question 31

Inferior MI + Aortic Regurgitation?

Answer 31

Proximal (Ascending) Aortic Dissection