Cardio Flashcards
(31 cards)
What should the target INR be for a patient with prosthetic valve replacement?
Mitral: 3.5
Aortic: 3.0
What is the acceptable range for creatinine and K+ to change In ACEi use
Creatinine: >30% baseline
K+ 5.5
stop potassium above 6
Name 3 big causes of dilated cardiomyopathy
- Alcohol and cocaine
- Duchenne
- Idiopathic
What murmur are IVDU more likely to have? Sign this comes with?
- Tricuspid regurgitation
- Femoral abcess
What kind of rhythm does tension pneumothorax cause?
PEA
Name 3 associations of Tussauds de Point?
- SAH
- Prolonged QT drugs
- Hypo Mg2+, Ca2+, K+
What causes bisferiens pulse?
HOCM due to sub aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation
Key finding on CT for aortic dissection
False Lumen
Why does T2DM cause postural drop
Autonomic Dysfunction
Bendroflumothiazide mechanism and adverse effect?
- Inhibit Na+ reapsorbtion at DCT
- Hypercalcaemia
- Impaired glucose tolerance
- Gout
- Postural drop
When should a patient in acute heart failure be started on a beta blocker?
When they are stabilised and weened off diuretics
What 2 conditions can thiazide like diuretic exacerbate?
- Gout
2. Diabetes
Best 3rd line treatment of Heart Failure for Afro-Carrabein?
Hydralazine and Nitrate
Important point for starting ivabridine in heart failure?
Heart rate should be above 75 to avoid bradycardia
What happens to Blood Pressure in aortic dissection?
Variation in each arm
Drug to avoid in moderate-severe aortic stenosis?
ACEi
Drug to avoid in Heart Block?
Quinine
Genetic pattern HOCM
Autosomal Dominant
Most common cause of death post MI
Ventricular Fibrillation
Electrolyte abnormalities with thiazide diuretics
- Hypercalcaemia
- Hyponatremia
- Hypokalemia
What is the preferred treatment for SVT in asthmatics?
Verapamil
ACEi or ARB in afro Caribbean patients second line?
ARB
Murmur heard in ASD Vs. VSD
ASD: Ejection systolic louder on inspiration Fixed split sound
VSD: Pan systolic
When is an exercise tolerance test contraindicated?
Aortic Stenosis
