Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y1 Drugs + bugs > Cardiac drugs > Flashcards

Cardiac drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Ticagralor

A

anti-platlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Aspirin

A

anti-platelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

clopidogrel

A

anti-platelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

amiodarone

A

anti-arrhythmic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lisinopril

A

ACEi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Perindopril

A

ACEi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ramipril

A

ACEi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

losartan

A

angiotensin receptor blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

atenolol

A

cardio selective
BB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bisoprolol

A

cardio selective BB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

propanolol

A

non selective BB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

satalol

A

non selective BB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

carvedilol

A

non selective BB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

amlodipine

A

dihydropyradine Ca2+ blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

nifedipine

A

dihydropyradine Ca2+ blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

verapamil

A

rate limiting Ca2+ blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

diltiazem

A

rate limiting Ca2+ blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bendroflumethiazide

A

thiazide diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

furosemide

A

loop diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

bumetanide

A

loop diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

indapamide

A

loop diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

cardiac glycoside

A

digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

HCN channel blocker

A

ivabradine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

K channel activate

A

nicorandil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Nitrates

A

GTN
isosorbide mononitrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

flecanide

A

Na channel blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

lidocaine

A

Na channel blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

atorvastatin

A

statin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

simvastasin

A

statin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

aspirin mechanism

A

Cox 1 inhibitor
reduce production of thromboxane 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

clopidogrel / tecagralor mechanism

A

p2y12 antagonist
prevents ADP binding
no platelet aggregation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

amiodarone mechanism

A

blocks K channels
prolongation of action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

BB mechanism

A

antagonise sympathetic nervous system
blocks B adrenoreceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Ca2+ channel antagonists

A

block L type calcium channel
no entry of Ca into cells
reduce smooth muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

peripheral vasodilation?

A

dihydropyradine Ca2+ channel blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

bendroflumethiazide mechanism

A

promote water loss
block Na/Cl co-transporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

loop diuretics mechanism

A

promote water loss by blocking Na/K/Cl transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

location of action for loop diuretic

A

thick ascending loop of henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

location of action for thiazide diuretic

A

distal tubules of the nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

spironolactone

A

K sparing diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

spironolactone mechanism

A

promote water loss
aldosterone receptor antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Digoxin mechanism

A

increase contractility of Na/K pump
results increased intracellular Ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

digoxin reduces heart rate?

A

increases vagal stimulation
reduce AV conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

ivabradine mechanism

A

HCN channel blocker
slows output from SA node
reduce HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Nicorandil mechanism

A

K channel opener
causes hyperpolarization
relaxation of smooth muscle in arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Nitrate mechanism

A

venous dilation
reduce preload - therefore BP
improve coronary flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

flecanide / lidocaine mechanism

A

reduces Na influx
prolonges action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

statins mechanism

A

inhibits HMG-CoA reductase
reduces hepatic cholesterol synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

anti-platelet drug side effects

A

bleeding

50
Q

amiodarone side effects

A

bradycardia
lung fibrosis
thyroid dysfunction
phototoxicity
tremor
peripheral neuropathy
visual disturbance

51
Q

ACEi side effects

A

dry cough
1st dose hypotension
renal impairment
hyperkalemia
proteinuria
angiodema

52
Q

teratogenic drugs

A

ACEi
ARBs
Warfarin

53
Q

BB side effects

A

lethargy
dizziness
headache
erectile dysfunction
cold peripheries

54
Q

Ca2+ channel blocker side effects

A

flushes
headache
peripheral oedema
reduce LV function
gingival hypertrophy

55
Q

gingival hypertrophy drug cause

A

Ca2+ channel blocker

56
Q

Thiazide diuretic side effect

A

Erectile dysfunction
gout
GI upset
electrolyte imbalance

57
Q

electrolyte imbalances due to thiazide

A

increase Ca / blood glucose
decrease K, Na, Mg

58
Q

loop diuretic side effects

A

gout
ototoxicity - tinnitus
bone marrow suppression

59
Q

what electrolyte imbalances occur due to loop diuretics?

A

decreased K, Na, Mg, Ca

60
Q

spironolactone side effects

A

hyperkalemia
renal dysfunction
erectile dysfunction
gynaecomastia

61
Q

digoxin side effects

A

arrhythmia
bradycardia
fatigue
nausea/vomiting
blurred / yellow vision
headache/dizziness

62
Q

ivabradine side effect

A

arrythmia

63
Q

nicorandil side effect

A

anal ulceration

64
Q

nitrates side effects

A

headache
dizziness
postural hypotension

65
Q

statins side effects

A

myalgia
rhabdomyolysis
abdominal pain

66
Q

what test has to be done before statins?

A

LFT (liver function test)

67
Q

when should anti-platelets (aspirin) be stopped?

A

7 days before surgery

68
Q

when should anti-platelets be used with caution?

A

history of GI bleed

69
Q

what can occur to platelets due to taking antiplatelets?

A

abnormal platelet shape

70
Q

when is amiodarone used?

A

last line
due to side effects

71
Q

when does the effects of amiodarone stop after use?

A

weeks/months (possible)
long half-life

72
Q

why are ACEi used in heart failure?

A

prelong life
prevent cardiac remodelling

73
Q

ACEi contraindications

A

pregnancy
hyperkalemia
renal failure
bilateral renal artery stenosis

74
Q

BB contraindications

A

heart block
asthma
COPD

75
Q

starting dose for BB after MI?

A

low
benefit, may worsen heart failure at first

76
Q

how is reflex tachycardia prevented when patient is on dihydropyradines?

A

give BB

77
Q

which Ca2+ Channel blocker type cannot be given with BB?

A

rate-limiting
VERAPAKILL

78
Q

when is spironolactone used in heart failure?

A

instead of loop when patient has hypokalaemia

79
Q

what can spironolactone not be used with?

A

ACEi

80
Q

when is digoxin used?

A

AFIB

81
Q

when can digoxin be used in heart failure

A

if patient is in S.R.

82
Q

why does digoxin toxicity occur?

A

narrow therapeutic window

83
Q

how is digoxin toxicity (side-effects) treated

A

stop dig
treat hyperkalemia
treat arrhythmia

84
Q

what is the pattern for nitrate use

A

8hrs per 24hr cycle nitrate free

85
Q

bezafibrate

A

fibrate

86
Q

when is bezafibrate used

A

statin not well tolerated

87
Q

Dipyramidole mechanism of action

A

non-specific PDE inihibitor
decrease cell uptake of adenosine

88
Q

glycoprotein 2b3a inhibitor

A

tirofiban

89
Q

platelet receptor for VWF

A

glycoprotein 1b

90
Q

activates anti-thrombin III

A

hparin

91
Q

direct thrombin inhibitor

A

dabigatran

92
Q

direct factor X inhibitor

A

rivaroxaban

93
Q

glycoprotein 2b3a inhibitor

A

abcdiximab

94
Q

which drug decreases warfarin metabolism?

A

amiodarone (risk of bleeding)

95
Q

When is flecanide / lignocaine used?

A

control rhythm in arrythima

96
Q

Bumetanide

A

loop diuretic

97
Q

triamterene

A

K sparing diuretic

98
Q

eplerenone

A

K sparing diuretic

99
Q

amiloride

A

K sparing diuretic

100
Q

side effects of loop

A

hypokalaemia

101
Q

type of GI drugs that can affect the absorption of ACEi

A

antacids

102
Q

what does warfarin cause a prolongation of?

A

prothrombin time (factor II)

103
Q

where do thiazides work?

A

proximal part of distal convoluted tubules

104
Q

2 drugs when used in combo cause severe hyponatraemia

A

PPI + thiazide

105
Q

drug that causes severe hyperkalaemia in patients already on an ACEi

A

trimethoprim

106
Q

bilvarudin

A

reversible direct thrombin inhibitor
used in PCI

107
Q

where does spironolactone act on the kidneys (k sparing diuretics)

A

distal convoluted tubule

108
Q

positive inotrope drug

A

digoxin
increases intracellular calcium

109
Q

positive inotrope drug

A

digoxin
increases intracellular calcium

110
Q

class Ia anti-arrythmic drug mechanism

A

block Na channels
increases AP duration

111
Q

class Ib anti-arryhtmic drug mechanism

A

block Na channels
decreases AP duration

112
Q

class Ic anti-arrythmic drug mechanism

A

block Na channel
no affect on AP

113
Q

class II anti-arrythmic drugs

A

BB

114
Q

class III anti-arrythmic drug mechanism

A

block K channels

115
Q

Class IV anti-arrhythmic drug mechanism

A

rate limiting Ca channel blocker

116
Q

lidocaine class

A

Ib anti-arrythmic

117
Q

flecanide class

A

Ic anti-arrythmic drug

118
Q

amiodarone class

A

III

119
Q

Hypertensive med causing reflex tachi

A

dihydropyradine Ca2+
causes peripheral neuropathuy
results in reflex tachy

120
Q

pharmacology of GTN

A

activates granulate cyclase
GTP -> cGMP
smooth muscle relaxation

121
Q

nitrates mechanism of action

A

cause a decrease in intracellualr calcium
results in smooth muscle relaxation

122
Q
A

Y1 Drugs + bugs (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions