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Zero to Finals Medicine > Cardiac arythmias > Flashcards

Cardiac arythmias Flashcards

1
Q

How do you calculate ECG rate?

A

6Rt
or
300/RR

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2
Q

How long is a normal PR interval?

A

120 - 200 miliseconds

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3
Q

How long is a normal QRS complex?

A

<120 miliseconds

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4
Q

How do you determine cardiac access?

A

Lead 1 and AVF
Lead 1 + AVF + = Normal
Lead 1 + AVF - = left axis
Lead 1 - AVF + Right axis

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5
Q

What causes left axis deviation?

A

Left ventricular hypertrophy
LBBB
inferior MI

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6
Q

What causes right axis deviation?

A

Right ventricular hypertrophy

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7
Q

300/4

A

75

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8
Q

300/6

A

50

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9
Q

300/2

A

150

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10
Q

300/1.5

A

200

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11
Q

6x8

A

48

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12
Q

6x14

A

84

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13
Q

6x12

A

72

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14
Q

What is artial flutter?

A

re-entrant rythm in the atria causing atrial rate of 300 bpm and a ventricular rate of 150bpm

Saw tooth baseline P waves

treat with Rate control beta blocker
anticoagulation

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15
Q

What is wolf parkinson white syndrome?

A

extra electical pathway connecting the atria and ventricles.

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16
Q

What does WPW syndrome look like on ECG?

A

Short PR interval
Wide QRS
slupped upstroke QRS Delta waves

17
Q

What causes a short PR interval?

A

Wolf parkinson white syndrome

18
Q

What is an abnormal QT interval?

A

long is < 500 miliseconds

19
Q

How long is one big square on an ecg?

A

200 miliseconds (0.2seconds)

20
Q

What can cause long QT syndrome?

A

antipsychotics
hypokalaemia
hypocalcaemia
hypomagnesaemia

21
Q

What is first degree heart block?

A

Long PR interval, greater than 200 miliseconds (big square)
but every P wave has a QRS complex

22
Q

What is second degree heart block?

A

Some P waves dont make it through but some do

23
Q

What are the two types of second degree heart block?

A

Morbitz 1 gradually longer PR interval untill there is a dropped beat.

Morbitz 2 (danger) interuppted conduction in a set ratio. e.g 3 p waves to each QRS complex

24
Q

How can you treat bradycardias and heart blocks?

A

Atropine

25
Q

What does Adenosine do?

A

blocks SA node

26
Q

what does amidoarone do?

A

slows overactive venticular contractions

27
Q

What does atropine do?

A

atropine is an antimuscarininc with blocks parasympathetic influence on the heart. speeds up heart rate

28
Q
A

Zero to Finals Medicine (10 decks)

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