CARDIAC ARRHYTMIAS

Question 1

normal PR segment

Answer 1

40-60

Question 2

What is the origination of U waves?

Answer 2

depolarization of Purkinje fiber

Question 3

normal PR interval

Answer 3

0.12-0.20 sec

Question 4

normal QRS

Answer 4

<0.12

Question 5

SA node discharge

Answer 5

60-100 / min

Question 6

AV node discharge

Answer 6

40-60 /min

Question 7

ventricular tissue discharge

Answer 7

20-40 /min

Question 8

in SINUS ARRHYTMIA
rate INCREASE AS………………….

Answer 8

the patient breathes in

Question 9

in SINUS ARRHYTMIA
rate DECREASE as ……………………….

Answer 9

breathes out

Question 10

RATE is usually …………………… in SINUS ARRHYTMIA

Answer 10

60-100(MAYBE SLOWER)

Question 11

what is SINUS ARREST?

Answer 11

stop of sinus rhythm,new rhythm starts

Question 12

what is SINUS PAUSE ?

Answer 12

one dropped beat is a sinus pause

Question 13

Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)

Answer 13

• One P-wave for every QRS(P-wave may have different morphology on ectopic beat, but it will !!!!! be present)
• Single ectopic beat will disrupt regularity of
  underlying rhythm
• Rate will depend on underlying rhythm
• Underlying rhythm must be identified
• Classified as rare, occasional, or frequent
  PAC’s based on frequency

Question 14

Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 14

– No discernable p-waves(The atria are not depolarizing effectively, but fibrillating)
_Rhythm is grossly irregular
_If the heart rate is <100 it is considered controlled a-fib, if >100 it is considered to have a “rapid ventricular response”
_– AV node acts as a “filter

Question 15

atrial tachycardia

Answer 15

140-250 Heart rate

Question 16

atrial flutter

Answer 16

250-400
_more than one p wave (sawtooth)
3:1 p wave for each QRS

Question 17

junctional Rhythms

Answer 17

• Rhythms that originate at the AV junction
• Junctional rhythms do not have characteristic p-waves.

Question 18

Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC)

Answer 18

– P-wave can come before or after the QRS
complex, or it may lost in the QRS complex
* If visible, the p-wave will be inverted
– Rhythm will be irregular due to single ectopic beat
– Heart rate will depend on underlying rhythm
– Underlying rhythm must be identified
– Classify as rare, occasional, or frequent PJC based on frequency

Question 19

Accelerated Junctional Rhythm

Answer 19

_rhythm is regular
_HR 60-100 / min