advanced cardiac life support(ACLS)

Question 1

CARDIAC ARREST

Answer 1

-mechanical function of the heart stops
-Unresponsiveness to stimulus
-apnea
-absence of pulse

Question 2

High Quality CPR

Answer 2

• 100-120 cardiac compressions per minute
• Compression depth should be between 5-6 cm
• The chest should be allowed to expand
• Minimal interruptions between compressions
• Avoid excessive
  ventilation
• Change the rescuer (2 min)

Question 3

Why chest compressions first?

Answer 3

– The blood oxygen content is high,
– Oxygen transport from the heart to the brain is limited due to decreased cardiac output rather than a lack of oxygen in the lungs * – Therefore, breathing is initially less important than
chest compressions.

Question 4

what is the most reliable method for confirming tube placement?

Answer 4

Continuous waveform capnography

Question 5

Rhythms that cause cardiac arrest

Answer 5

• Asystol
• Pulseles electrical activity
• Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
• Pulseless ventricular tachycardia(VT)

Question 6

REVERSIBLE CAUSES

Answer 6

• 5H :
• Hypoxia * Hypovolemia * Hypotermia * Hypo/hyperkalemia * Hydrojen ion (acidosis)
• 5 T
• Tension pneumothorax * Tamponad (cardiyac) * Thrombosis(pulmonary) * Thrombosis (coronary) * Toxins

Question 7

In CPR our priority in out-of-hospital is cardiac arrest or Defibrillation?

Answer 7

?

Question 8

DEFIBRILLATION

Answer 8

When the heart enters ventricular fibrillation, the
process of returning it to normal sinus rhythm by giving
a sufficient amount of electrical current from the
outside is called defibrillation.

Question 9

DEFIBRILLATOR

Answer 9

• Sternal pad
  (Right below the clavicle to the right upper part of the sternum )
• Apex pad
  Left midaxillary line on the 4-5. ribs

Question 10

Intubation attempts can be delayed until ROSC

Answer 10

TRURE

Question 11

what is the most commonly used drug of ACLS?

Answer 11

ADRENALINE
-in shockable rhythm; after 2nd shock
-In non-shockable rhythms, adrenaline should be administered as early as possible.

Question 12

Amiodarone is used in

Answer 12

VF/VT unresponsive to
defibrillation and vasopressor.
300 mg IV/IO first, and second dose 150 mg

Question 13

……………..is the best treatment for acidemia in cardiac arrest.!!!

Answer 13

Chest compression

Question 14

Sodium bicarbonate

Answer 14

– Increases carbon dioxide load – Inhibits oxygen delivery to tissues – Impairs myocardial contractility – Causes hypernatremia