Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Med > Cardiac Arrhythmias > Flashcards

Cardiac Arrhythmias Flashcards

1
Q

Fast AF

A

?Heart failure, hypotension, impaired consciousness, Tachy >200bpm —- DC cardiovert + anti-coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Paroxysmal AF

A

Should be self limiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Persistent AF

A

Fails to self-terminate within 7 days
Rhythm control - B-blocker, amiodarone, flecainide
(Rate control - B-blocker, verapamil/diltazem, digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Permanent AF

A

Rate control - B-blocker, verapamil/diltazem, digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

SVT

A

Adenosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

VT

A

Defibrilator + amiodarone 300mg IV/adrenaline 1mg IV post third shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

VF

A

Defibrilator + amiodarone 300mg IV/adrenaline 1mg IV post third shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

1st degree Heart block

A

Monitor + remove AVN blocking drugs + pacing (rare)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

2nd degree: Mobitz Type 1 Heart block

A

Monitor + remove AVN blocking drugs + pacing (rare)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2nd degree: Mobitz Type 2 Heart Block

A

Removing AVN blocking drugs + Pacing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3rd degree/complete heart block

A

Removing AVN blocking drugs + Pacing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bradyarrhythmia causes

A

“DIVISIONS”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Indications for pacing

A

Complete HB/Mobitz type 2 HB
Symptomatic Bradycardia
Tachycardia prevention
…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Indications for rhythm control over rate control (x5)

A 
New onset AF
Reversible cause
Heart failure primarily caused by AF
A. flutter that can be ablated 
Clinical judgement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dihydropyridine CCB

A

Nefidipine and Amlodipine
- Vasodilatory
- DO NOT EFFECT RATE
SE: flushing, peripheral oedema + gum hypertrophy (nefidipine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Non-dihydropyridine CCB

A

Diltazem and verapamil
- Negative inotrope
- slow SA/AV conduction
SE: constipation, peripheral oedema, gynaecomastia
CI: LVF + bradycardia, 2nd/3rd degree heart block

17
Q

Drugs that cause gynaecomastia

A

DISCO

  • Digoxin
  • Isoniazid
  • spirinolactone
  • cimetidine
  • Oestrogens

Diltazem + verapamil ?

18
Q

Nitrates (x6)

A

GTN
Isosorbide mono/dinitrate

Nicorandil

Ivabradine

Trimetazidine
Ranolazine

19
Q

GTN and ISMN MoA, SE

A

Increase cGMP causing vasodilation and therefore decreasing preload

SE: hypotension, syncope, headache, flushing

CI: AS/MS, constrictive pericarditis/tamponade, HOCUM, anaemia, glaucoma, raised ICP

ISMN has longer half life

20
Q

Nicorandil MoA, SE, CI

A

Activates SM K channel causing hyperpolarisation which inhibits Ca influx leading to vasodilation

SE: headaches, flushing, GI ulcers

CI: cardiogenic shock

21
Q

Alpha-1 blocker

A

Prazosin
Tamsulosin
Doxazosin

22
Q

Non-selective alpha blocker

A

Phenoxybenzamine

Phentolamine

23
Q

Dobutamine

A

mixed alpha 1 and beta 1 agonist

Inotropic and chrontropic effect

24
Q

Adrenaline

A

alpha and beta agonist

25
Q

Phenyeprhine

A

Alpha 1 agonist

26
Q

Noradrenaline

A

Beta 1 greater than alpha agonist

27
Q

Isoprenaline

A

Beta agonist

28
Q

Vaughn-Williams classification of antiarrhythmics

A 
Class 1 (interfere with sodium channel)
 - 1a = Fast channel blockers + QRS effect (quinidine, procainamide)
 - 1b = Fast channel blockers (phenytoin, lignocaine)
 - 1c = slow blockers (flecanide)
Class 2 (B-blockers) ...
Class 3 (K outflux blocker)
 - Amiodarone, sotalol
Class 4 (Ca Channel blocker)
 - Verapamil, diltazem 
Class 5 (unknown mechanism)
 - Adenosine, digoxin, MgSO4
29
Q

Flecanide Indications, SE

A

Vaughn-Williams Class 1c
Indications: WPW, AF, ectopic suppression
SE: Oedema, dyspnoea

30
Q

Amiodarone indications, SE

A

Vaughn-Williams Class 3 (Inhibit Na/K ATPase in mycardium)
Indications: SVT, AF/flutter, VF
SE:
- eyes: corneal deposits
- lungs: fibrosis
- Thyroid: dysfunction
- GI: N&V, deranged LFTs
- Skin: photosensitivity, pheblitis, blue-grey discolouration
CI:
Thyroid disease, sinus bradycardia, prologed QT

31
Q

Digoxin

A 
Vaughn-Williams Class 5 
Indications: AF/flutter, SVT, HF (nb evidence low)
SE:
Eyes: yellow vision
Heart: arrhythmias
Gynaecomastia 
reverse tick ECG and raised K
CI: complete HB, VF/VT, HOCUM, WPW
Increased toxicity with amiodarone, CCB and diuretics
32
Q

Adenosine

A

Indications SVT
SE: bronchospasm, impending doom
CI: asthma, heart block, sick sinus syndrome, low BP, prolonged QT

33
Q

Aspirin

A

Irreversible COX inhibitor therefore decreased thromboxane A2 + prostacyclin produciton
SE: gastritis/ulceration, bleeding, bronchospasm, ototoxic, gout, renal failure
CI: <16 years (Reye’s syndrome - except Kawasakis), active peptic ulcer disease, gout, pregnancy
Stop 7 days before any surgery

34
Q

Clopidogrel

A

Prodrug
Inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation (inhibits binding to GpIIb/IIIa)
SE: bleeding, GI upset, TTP, blood dyscrasia

35
Q

Abciximab and Tirofiban

A

monoclonal Ab/synthetic GpIIa/IIIb inhibitor

SE: thrombocytopenia, bleeding

General Med (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions