Cardiac Flashcards
MC congenital heart defect
bicuspid aortic valve
MCC enlarged coronary sinus
persistent left SVC
pulm valve stenosis –> what happens to:
- main pulm trunk
- L pulm A
- R pulm A
- main: enlarge
- L: enlrg
- R: normal
anomalous origin of left/right coronary A –> assoc w what complication?
sudden cardiac death
enlarged pulm trunk & L pulm A –> dx?
pulmonary valve stenosis
what is ramus intermedius?
variant coronary A resulting from trifurcation of L main coronary A
MRI –> most important finding for dx of myocardial infarction?
delayed enhancemt
MC primary pericardial malignancy?
mesothelioma
MC primary cardiac malignancy?
angiosarcoma
cardioverter-defibrillator device –> proper position of proximal & distal shock coils?
proximal –> jx SVC & brachiocephalic
distal –> RV
Blalock-Taussig shunt –> connects what 2 vessels?
subclavian A –> pulm A
Blalock-Taussig shunt –> what is it? used to treat what condition? what effect does it have?
RV outflow obstruction (ie. Tetralogy of Fallot) –> systemic A to pulm A shunt –> increase pulm A blood flow?
what is hibernating myocardium?
hypoperfused myocardium w reduced contractility but still viable
what is stunned myocardium?
- wall dysfx
- normal perfusion
cardiac fibroma –> epidemiology?
- infancy
- early childhood
cardiac fibroma –> MC location?
ventricular septum/wall
cardiac fibroma –> signal intensity relative to muscle?
iso
cardiac fibroma –> contrast enhance pattern?
delayed enhance –> periphery to center
what is cor pulmonale?
failure of the structure and function of the right ventricle in the absence of left ventricular dysfunction
cor pulmonale –> XR finding?
central pulmonary artery enlargement
what common condition can cause cor pulmonale?
COPD
MCC of coronary artery aneurysms
atherosclerosis
congenital pericardial absence –> MC type?
complete left-sided
which ASD type is MOST commonly associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage?
sinus venosus
acute myocardial infarction accompanied by severe bradycardia, which vessel is MOST likely involved?
Right coronary artery –> post descending A –> AV node artery
tricuspid valve regurgitation –> MCC?
Right ventricular hypertension
What is the MOST common anomaly associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the left lung?
usually from the left upper lobe to a left vertical vein, which then drains into the left brachiocephalic vein
What is the MOST likely explanation for enlargement of the right atrium in a patient with mitral valve stenosis?
Chronic pulmonary venous hypertension in patients with mitral stenosis leads to elevated pulmonary arterial and right ventricular pressures. If severe, these will result in failure of the right ventricle, usually with tricuspid regurgitation.
Enlargement of what structure is the MOST reliable radiographic sign of pulmonary valve stenosis?
Enlargement of the left main pulmonary artery, with or without pulmonary trunk enlargement, is the radiographic hallmark of pulmonary valve stenosis.
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy –> results in what kind of valvular dz?
Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve
The increased flow velocity occurring through the narrowed subvalvular left ventricular outflow tract draws the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve anteriorly due to the Venturi effect. This results in further obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract.
what is myocardial bridge?
intramuscular course of the coronary artery
myocardial bridge –> usu asx or sx?
asx
