Cardiac Flashcards

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1
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

In cardiac catheterization (often called cardiac cath), your doctor puts a very small, flexible, hollow tube (called a catheter) into a blood vessel in the groin, arm, or neck. Then he or she threads it through the blood vessel into the aorta and into the heart. Once the catheter is in place, several tests may be done.

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2
Q

congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

With congestive heart failure, the heart’s capacity to pump blood cannot keep up with the body’s need. As the heart weakens, blood begins to back up and force liquid through the capillary walls. The term “congestive” refers to the resulting buildup of fluid in the ankles and feet, arms, lungs, and/or other organs. The most common cause of congestive heart failure is coronary artery disease. Risk factors for coronary artery disease include: high levels of cholesterol and/or triglyceride in the blood. high blood pressure.

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3
Q

Angina

A

Angina, also called angina pectoris, is often described as squeezing, pressure, heaviness, tightness or pain in your chest. Some people with angina symptoms say angina feels like a vise squeezing their chest or a heavy weight lying on their chest. It happens when some part of your heart doesn’t get enough blood and oxygen. Angina can be a symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD). This occurs when arteries that carry blood to your heart become narrowed and blocked because of atherosclerosis or a blood clot.

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4
Q

coronary artery disease (CAD) or ischemic heart disease

A

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease in the United States. It is sometimes called coronary heart disease or ischemic heart disease.

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5
Q

Angioplasty

A

Angioplasty is not considered major surgery. These procedures are most often performed under conscious or moderate sedation in a cardiovascular catheterization laboratory, also known as a ‘cath lab. ‘ The procedure is done by threading a thin tube, called a catheter, through a small puncture in a leg or arm artery.

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6
Q

lumen

A

In biology, a lumen (plural lumina) is the inside space of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine. It comes from Latin lumen ‘an opening’. … The interior of a vessel, such as the central space in an artery, vein or capillary through which blood flows. The interior of the gastrointestinal tract.

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7
Q

PE vs DVT

A

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a blood clot gets lodged in an artery in the lung, blocking blood flow to part of the lung. Blood clots most often start in the legs and travel up through the right side of the heart and into the lungs. This is called DVT

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8
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Nitroglycerin works by relaxing the smooth muscle and blood vessels in your body. This increases the amount of blood and oxygen that reaches your heart. In turn, your heart doesn’t work as hard. This reduces chest pain Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator, a medicine that opens blood vessels to improve blood flow. It is used to treat angina symptoms, such as chest pain or pressure, that happens when there is not enough blood flowing to the heart.

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9
Q

embolism and thrombosis

A

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a
stroke. A TIA usually lasts only a few minutes and doesn’t cause permanent damage. Often
called a ministroke, a transient ischemic attack may be a warning.

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10
Q

Ischemia

A

Ischemia is a condition in which the blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted or reduced in a part of the body. Cardiac ischemia is the name for decreased blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle.
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. A TIA usually lasts only a few minutes and doesn’t cause permanent damage. Often
called a ministroke, a transient ischemic attack may be a warning.

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