Carbs p.3 Ketones

Question 1

Produced by the liver through metabolism of stored lipids

Answer 1

Ketone

Question 2

3 ketone bodies

Answer 2

Acetone (2%)
Acetoacetic acid(20%)
3-β-hydroxybutyric acid (78%)

Question 3

accumulation of ketones in blood

Answer 3

Ketonemia

Question 4

accumulation of ketones in urine

Answer 4

Ketonuria

Question 5

Mtds. of Ketone Measurement

Answer 5

Gerhardt’s Test
Nitroprusside
Enzymatic

Question 6

Gerhardt’s Test

Acetoacetic acid + Ferric chloride—>

Answer 6

Red color

Question 7

Acetoacetic acid + nitroprusside—>___ & color

Answer 7

Nitroprusside
alkaline pH
Purple color

Question 8

Enzymatic

NADH + H+ + acetoacetic acid —>___ NAD + β-hydroxybutyric acid

Answer 8

–β-HBD

Question 9

Early stage diabetic renal nephropathy

Answer 9

Microalbuminuria

Question 10

Persistent albuminuria

Answer 10

30-299 mg/24h
or
alb./crea. 30-300 µg/mg

Question 11

(GMA) Index for long term plasma glucose control (2-3 month period)

Answer 11

indicating compliance and efficacy of DM therapy

Question 12

Type 2 has a greater tendency to develop hyperosmolar states. How many mg/dl of glucose

Answer 12

1,000 mg/dL of glucose