Carbs Flashcards
Carbs with an aldehyde as their most oxidized group are what?
Aldoses
How are monosaccharides classified?
According to how many carbons they contain
Carbs with a ketone as their most oxidized group are what?
Ketoses
What are isomers?
Compounds with the same chemical formula but different structure
Anomeric carbons are types of isomers… What two forms do they have?
Alpha and beta
What are the bonds that link monosaccharides
Glycosidic
What disaccharide is lactose?
Glucose + galactose
What disaccharide is maltose?
Glucose + glucose
What disaccharide is sucrose?
Fructose + glucose
What is glycogen?
Alpha linkage
Animal source
Branched glucose polymer
What is starch?
Branched glucose polymer
Alpha linkages
Plant sources
What is cellulose?
Plant sources
Beta linkages
Unbranched glucose linkages
What enzyme begins digestion in the mouth?
Alpha-amylase
Alpha (1-4) bonds
What are the three enzymes in the intestinal mucosa cells that digest carbs?
Sucrase / isomaltase
Maltase
Lactase
What is the test for testing disaccharide deficiencies??
Hydrogen breath test
