Carbs

Question 1

Structural isomers

Answer 1

Molecule with same chemical formulas but different structure
Eg. Glucose, galactose, fructose

Question 2

Starch

Answer 2

Glucose storage molecule fond in plant roots and seeds in organelle called amyloplasts
Glucose joint with glycosidiabonds polysaccharides

Question 3

Heteropolysaccharide

Answer 3

Composed of 2 different forms
Amylose and amylopectin

Question 4

How much % of each amylose and amylopectin

Answer 4

20-30% amylose
70-80% amylopectin

Question 5

Amylose

Answer 5

Straight chain polysaccharide consisting of 300-600 a glucose molecules joined by a 1-4 ether linkages

Question 6

Amylopectin

Answer 6

Branched chain polysaccande
100’S of a glucose molecules with a-1,4 ether linkage with shorter side chains of a-glucose molecules joined by a - 1,6 ether linkages found every 24th-30th glucose

Question 7

Which polyssecanide amylase or amylopectin hydrolyses faster?

Answer 7

Amylopectin, because it has more free ends than amylose since amylASE only hydrolyses starch at free ends

Question 8

Amylose and amylopectin are: hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

Answer 8

Hydrophilic

Question 9

What is enzyme associated with amylose and amylopectin

Answer 9

Amylase

Question 10

Water solubility: amylose and amylopectin

Answer 10

Linear structure amylose is insoluble
Amylopectin is soluble

Question 11

Glycogen

Answer 11

Polysaccharide (structurally similar to amylopectin)Short term glucose storage only used as energy after blood glucose is used up
Found: animal liver and muscle cells

Question 12

Glycogen structure

Answer 12

Branched chain polysáccande with a-glucose and a 1,4 ether linkage
Has shorter side chains of a-1,6 ether linkage
Similar to amylopectin

Question 13

Which polysaccharide has greatest rate of hydrolysis?

Answer 13

Glycogen, most free ends for amylase to hydrolyze

Question 14

Is cellulose digestible

Answer 14

Not possible by mammals
Do not possess enzymes to hydrolyze B -bonds
Digestible by decomposes bacteria and fungi with cellulase enzyme

Question 15

Microfibrils

Answer 15

Cellulose molecules form tight bundles with H-bonds
(Card)

Question 16

Water and cellulose

Answer 16

Hydrophilic but insoluble because of large size

Question 17

Chitin

Answer 17

Forms exoskeleton of arthropods, cells walls, fungus cells

Question 18

Chitin structure

Answer 18

100s of repeating n-acetylglucoseamine
Joined with b-1,4 ether linkages

Question 19

Chitin solubility ad ediability

Answer 19

Insoluble, indigestible

Question 20

Carbohydrate base formal

Answer 20

Cn(H2O)n

Question 21

Monosacchande

Answer 21

One sugar: monomers of polysaccharides

Question 22

Hexose

Answer 22

6C
Glucose, galactose, fructose

Question 23

Pentose

Answer 23

Ribose deoxyribose
5c

Question 24

Aldose

Answer 24

Double bonded oxygen found at ends
Glucose, galactose, ribose, deoxyribose

Question 25

Kentose

Answer 25

Double bonded oxygen between carbon Fructose

Question 26

Glucose

Answer 26

C6H12O6 is a hexose and an aldose the product of photosynthesis and the main reactant in cellular respiration

Question 27

Galactose

Answer 27

C6H12O6 is a hexose and an aldose Monomer of disaccharide lactose

Question 28

Fructose

Answer 28

C6H12O6 is a hexose and an ketose Fruit sugar

Question 29

Ribose

Answer 29

C5H10O5 is a pentose and an aldose Sugar found in RNA, ATP and coenzymes

Question 30

Deoxyribose

Answer 30

C5H10O4 is a pentose and an aldose Sugar from DNA

Question 31

2 reactions

Answer 31

1. Dehydration synthesis Anabolic makes H2O for every 2 monomers joined 2. Hydrolysis Catabolic 1 H2O for every 2 monomers produced

Question 32

Maltose

Answer 32

A-glucose + a-glucose or a-glucose + b-glucose Produced by germinating malt and is the product of digestion of stack by amylase Digestible - a-bonds

Question 33

Sucrose

Answer 33

A-glucose + fructose has a bond digestible Transported through phloem Hydrolyzed by small intestine sucrase

Question 34

Lactose

Answer 34

B- glucose + b-galactose Milk sugar Hydrolyzed by lactase in small intestine of mammals,b-bond digestion decreases with age B -bonds also digestible by bacteria n fung i