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orgchem lab > Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives > Flashcards

Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Flashcards

1
Q

____________ are one of the type where Z = halogen or a group bonded to the carbonyl group through oxygen or nitrogen

A

Acyl Compounds

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2
Q

The most widely distributed acyl compounds are the __________?

A

Carboxylic Acids

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3
Q

The most important of the acidic organic compounds

A

Carboxylic Acids

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4
Q

They contain the carboxyl group as their functional group

A

Carboxylic Acids

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

In the carboxyl group, the hydroxyl group is directly attached to the carbonyl group

A

TRUE

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

  1. Carboxylic Acids are non-polar compounds
  2. They form very strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
A
  1. FALSE
  2. TRUE
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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Values of pKa for most aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids fall within the range of 4 to 5.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

The greater acidity of carboxylic acids relative to alcohols, both of which contain an OH group, is due to resonance stabilization of the carboxylate anion.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Alcohols react with carboxylic acids to form fruity smelling compounds called _________

A

Esters

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9
Q

Carboxylic Acids have a greater tendency to release a ________ than other acidic organic compound types.

A

Proton

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9
Q

Are considered as carboxylic acid functional derivatives because they are readily hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids.

A

Nitriles

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10
Q
  1. The reaction between alcohol and carboxylic acid is called _________
  2. It is catalyzed by an acid such as ______________
A
  1. Esterification
  2. Concentrated H2SO4
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11
Q

What is the positive result for Esterification Reactions?

A

Evolution of a sweet or fruity odor is a good indication of ester formation

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12
Q

Hydrolysis of Acid Halides and Anhydrides

A

Acid Hydrolysis

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13
Q

What is the positive result for Acid Hydrolysis?

A

Evolution of heat after addition of H2O. Bubble (CO2) formation after addition of sodium bicarbonate.

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Acid Hydrolysis are so reactive that they will react with water under neutral conditions.

A

TRUE

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14
Q

It is also known as saponification, and this does not involve the equilibrium process observed for the Fischer esterification.

A

Base Hydrolysis/Basic Hydrolysis of Esters

14
Q

What is the positive result for Base Hydrolysis?

A
  1. Appearance of a blue color on a filter paper with ammonia or amine-like ordor.
  2. After acidification, some compounds form precipitates or heterogeneous mixtures.
  3. Observation of characteristic odor of carboxylic acids.
15
Q

Reaction of acyl chloride and acid anhydride with primary amines

A

Anilide Formation

16
Q

What is the positive result of Anilide Formation?

A

Formation of Anilide Precipitate

17
Q

Carboxylic Acids react with sodium bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide gas which can be seen in the form of a brisk effervesence

A

Sodium Bicarbonate Test

18
Q

What is the positive result for Sodium Bicarbonate Test?

A

Formation of Bubbles (presence of CO2)

19
Q

What are the samples that we will be using for the experiment?

A
  • Glacial Acetic Acid
  • Acetic Anhydride
  • Acetyl Chloride
  • Acetamide
20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Acetyl Chloride and Acetic Anhydride must be handled in the fumehood. High concentrations of acids will be used, take extra care in handling them.

21
Q

What are the measurements that we will be using for Esterification Reactions?

A
  • 1 mL absolute EtOH
  • 10 drops of glacial acetic acid
  • 5 drops of 12m H2SO4
22
Q

Esterification Reactions

What we will do after dropping the necessary compounds on the test tube?

A
  • Warm the solution using steam bath
  • Record the odor
23
Q

What are the measurements that we will be using for Acid Hydrolysis?

A
  • 1mL dH2O
  • 3 drops of sample
  • 1 mL of MeOH
  • 1 mL saturated NaHCO3
24
Q

Acid Hydrolysis

  1. What we will do after dropping the 3 drops of samples?
  2. What we will do after dropping the 1 mL of MeOH and 1.0 mL Saturated NaHCO3?
A
  1. Feel the bottom of the tube
  2. Record Observations
25
Q

What are the measurements that we will be using for Base Hydrolysis?

A
  • 4 mL 6M NaOH
  • 0.20 mL acetamide
  • Small filter paper with 2 drops 10% CuSO4
26
Q

Base Hydrolysis

What we will do after dropping all the measurements?

A
  • Boil for 1 minute
  • Remove filter paper and note down the odor
  • Record Observations
27
Q

What are the measurements that we will be using for Anilide Formation?

A
  • 0.20 mL Sample
  • 1 mL aniline
  • 4 mL dH2O
28
Q

Anilide Formation

What we will do after dropping the samples?

A

Record Observations

29
Q

What are the measurements that we will be using for Sodium Bicarbonate Test?

A
  • 1 mL MeOh
  • 0.20 mL Acetic Acid
  • 1.0 mL Saturated NaHCO3
30
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate Test

What we will do after dropping the Sodium Bicarbonate Test?

A

Record Observations

orgchem lab (9 decks)

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