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orgchem lab > Alcohol and Phenols > Flashcards

Alcohol and Phenols Flashcards

1
Q

Oxygen containing compounds such as __________, ____________, and __________ are known as organic derivatives of water.

A
  1. Alcohols
  2. Phenols
  3. Ethers
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2
Q

What is the general structure of Water?

A

H2O

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3
Q

What is the general structure of Alcohol?

A

R-O-H

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3
Q

What is the general structure of phenol?

A

Ar-O-H

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4
Q

What is the general structure of Ether?

A

R-OR’

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5
Q

It contain a hydroxy group (OH) bonded to an sp3 hybridized carbon.

A

Alcohols

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6
Q

In phenols, the hydroxyl group is directly bonded to an __________?

A

Aromatic System

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7
Q

It is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid.

A

Lucas Reagent

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8
Q

LUCAS TEST FOR ALCOHOLS (Rate of Reaction):

____________ immediately give a positive result.

A

Tertiary Alcohols

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9
Q

LUCAS TEST FOR ALCOHOLS (Rate of Reaction):

____________ react slower than tertiary alcohols

A

Secondary Alcohols

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10
Q

What are the limitations of Lucas Test for Alcohols?

A

The test applies only to those alcohols soluble in the reagent.

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10
Q

LUCAS TEST FOR ALCOHOLS (Rate of Reaction):

____________ produce no identifiable cloudiness.

A

Primary Alcohols

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10
Q

Test to identify phenols and alcohols.

A

Acetyl Chloride Test for Alcohols

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Acetyl chloride is very corrosive and its vapors are irritating and toxic. It reacts violently with water and some alcohols.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Test to identify phenols

A

Iron (III) Chloride Test

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13
Q

How to determine if the sample is positive using Bromine in Water Test for Phenols?

A

Disappearance of the orange color

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

If water is present in the unknown, the test will probably give a false positive test as acetyl chloride reacts vigorously with water.

A

TRUE

14
Q

How to determine if the sample is positive using Acetyl Chloride Test for Alcohols?

A

Evolution of Heat and Hydrogen Chloride Gas

15
Q

How to determine if the sample is positive using Iron (III) Chloride Test?

A

The presence of bright
color, even briefly, indicates a
phenol.

16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Phenol is toxic and will cause burns to skin. Any contact should be thoroughly washed with large quantities of water. Wear safety glasses at all times in the laboratory

A

TRUE

17
Q

What are the 4 samples that will be used in the procedure?

A
  • Butanol
  • Sec-Butyl
  • Tert-Butyl
  • Phenol
18
Q

PROCEDURE:

What are the measurement that we will be needed for Lucas Test for Alcohols?

A
  • 1mL Lucas Reagent
  • 2 drops per sample
19
Q

PROCEDURE:

What are the measurement that we will be needed for Acetyl Chloride Test for Alcohols?

A
  • 5 drops per sample
  • 5-10 drops of Acetyl Chloride
20
Q

PROCEDURE:

What are the measurement that we will be needed for Iron (III) Chloride Test for Phenols?

A
  • 5 drops of 10% FeCl3 Solution
  • 3 drops of sample
21
Q

PROCEDURE:

What are the measurement that we will be needed for Bromine in Water Test for Phenols?

A
  • 1 mL 95% of EtOH
  • 5 drops of Phenol
  • 1 drop H2O
  • After shaking, 1 drop of Br2/H2O
22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Alcohols, phenols and ethers are known as organic derivatives of water because they may be seen to arise from the replacement of one or both of the hydrogen atoms of water by an organic group.

A

TRUE

23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Under the proper conditions, the O-H bond can be
made to split heterolytically to release a proton

A

TRUE

24
Q

What is the pKA of Hydronium Ion?

A

-1.7

25
Q

What is the pKA of Ethyloxonium Ion?

A

-2.4

26
Q

What are the names of Substituted Phenols?

A
  • o-cresol
  • p-cresol
  • m-cresol
  • Catechol
  • Resorcinol
27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Lucas Test for alcohols is test for alcohols with six or fewer carbons.

A

TRUE

28
Q

How to determine if the sample is positive using Lucas Test for Alcohols?

A

formation of an insoluble layer, cloudiness, color change (red or orange) or an emulsion.

29
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Some aldehydes or ketones also give colored complexes with FeCl3.

A

TRUE

30
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Iron (III) Chloride (FeCl3) is toxic and corrosive. Ethanol is flammable and toxic. Do not keep them away from flames or other heat sources.

A

False; keep them away

31
Q

After dropping the measurements on the test tubes, what are the four steps that you need to do?

A
  1. Shake
  2. Let stand
  3. Observe
  4. Dispose the wastes in properly labeled containers
32
Q

In what tests do you need to note and record any formation of a brightly colored mixture?

A
  1. Iron (III) Chloride Test for Phenols
  2. Bromine in Water Test for Phenols
33
Q

What are the four test in sampling alcohols and phenols?

A
  1. Lucas Test for Alcohols
  2. Acetyl Chloride Test for Alcohols
  3. Iron (III) Chloride Test for Phenols
  4. Bromine in Water Test for Phenols
34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Large Non-Polar Aromatic Ring makes it slightly soluble or insoluble in water

A

TRUE

35
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Bromine (Br2) is toxic and oxidizing. It causes mild burns.

A

False; it cause severe burns

36
Q
A

orgchem lab (9 decks)

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