Carboxylic acids

Question 1

What is the test for carboxylic acid

Answer 1

add universal indicator paper to acid and if it turns red then carboxylic acid present

Question 2

what are the 4 first carboxylic acids called

Answer 2

methanoic acid
ethanoic acid
propanoic acid
butanoic acid

Question 3

what is the functional group in carboxylic acids

Answer 3

COOH

Question 4

what does the functional group look like (stick diagram)

Answer 4

C - O - H
double bond C = O

Question 5

What types of carboxylic acids dissolve in water

Answer 5

shorter chains dissolve easily whereas longer chains like fatty acids are more oily

Question 6

what are the 3 general reactions of acids

Answer 6

acids + metal –> salt + hydrogen
acids + base –> salt + water
acid + carbonate –> salt + water + CO2

Question 7

What type of acids are carboxylic acids + WHY

Answer 7

weak acids because they don’t fully ionise meaning the COOH group don’t all release the hydrogen atoms

Question 8

how do we make a carboxylic acid

Answer 8

oxidise alcohols

Question 9

what happens when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol
e.g ethanol + ethanoic acid

Answer 9

a condensation reaction occurs to form
ethyl ethanoate + water

Question 10

why is it called a condesation reaction

Answer 10

molecules join by removing a small molecule like H2O

Question 11

what happens when carboxylic acids are added to water

Answer 11

sometimes they full ionise and create a ‘anoate ion-‘ and ‘hydrogen ion+’