carboxylic acid

Question 1

Define carboxylic acid

Answer 1

they are **organic **compounds that contain at least one carboxyl group in the structire.

Question 2

what is a carboxyl group?

define the consistent molecule

Answer 2

it is functional group consisting of a carboxyl and a hydroxyl

s usually written as —COOH or —CO2
H

Question 3

the general formula for saturated monocarboxylic acid is

Answer 3

double bond of oxygen on carbon and an OH on carbon

Question 4

When R is a phenyl(aryl) group, the structure represents a __________

Answer 4

aromatic carboxylic acid

Question 5

carboxylic acids containing two carboxyl groups in their structure are called ______________

Answer 5

dixarboxylic acid

Question 6

carboxylic acids that contain three carboxyl groups in their stucture are called ____________

Answer 6

tricarboxylic acids

Question 7

those with an even number of carbon atoms ranging from 4 to 22 carbon atoms are referred to as _______________.

Answer 7

fatty acids

they are obtained by the hydroysis of animal and vegetable fats and oils

Question 8

what is the structure of formic acid and its latin source of name?

Answer 8

HCOOH from latin name formica meaning ant

Question 9

what is the structure of acetic acid and it latin name source?

Answer 9

CH3-COOH from latin name acetum meaning vinegar

Question 10

what is the structure of propionic acid and it’s greek name source?

Answer 10

CH3 – CH2 – COOH from greek name propion meaning milk

Question 11

what is the structure of butryic acid and it’s name source?

Answer 11

CH3– CH2 – CH2 – COOH from latin name butryum meaning butter

Question 12

what is the structure of caprioic acid and it’s name source?

Answer 12

CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – COOH from the latin word caper meaning goat

Question 13

the position of the side chains or substitutes are indicated by ____________.

Answer 13

Greek letters

, α, β, γ, δ… for designating the 1st, 2nd, 3rd,…

Question 14

Structure of oxalic acid

Answer 14

HOOC–COOH

Question 15

Structure of malonic acid

Answer 15

HOOC–CH2–COOH

Question 16

structure of succinic acid

Answer 16

HOOC–CH2–CH2–COOH

Question 17

Structure of glutaric acid

Answer 17

HOOC–CH2–CH2–CH2–COOH

Question 18

Structure of Adipic acid

Answer 18

HOOC–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH2–COOH

Question 19

Structure of Pimelic acid

Answer 19

HOOC–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH2–COOH

Question 20

Compounds which have a carboxyl group directly attached to an aromatic ring are classified
as

Answer 20

aromatic carboxylic acids

Question 21

The simplest aromatic carboxylic acid has a carboxyl group
attached to benzene ring and its common name is

Answer 21

benzoic acid

Question 22

According to IPUAC system, monocarboxylic acids are named as

Answer 22

alkanoic acids

Question 23

the name for monocarboxylic acid is derived from the corresponding alkane by replacing the suffix ‘‘–e’’ with________

Answer 23

> -oic acid

Question 24

In IUPAC system, dicarboxylic acids are named as .

Answer 24

alkanedioic acids

Question 25

These names for dicarboxylic acids are obtained by replacing the suffix ‘‘–e’’ in the name of corresponding alkane by ________________

Answer 25

‘‘–dioic
acid’’

Question 26

According to IUPAC system, aromatic carboxylic acids are named as

Answer 26

benzenecarboxylic acids

Question 27

The position of the substitutes in benzioic acid is indicated by the

Answer 27

Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3,..

Question 28

The lower aliphatic acids containing up to 9 carbon atoms are _________.

Answer 28

liquids

Question 29

State the color

Benzoic acid and most of its derivatives are also
____________ solids

Answer 29

colourless

Question 30

Describe the odor of methanoic and ethanoic acids

Answer 30

sharp irritating odour

Question 31

describe the odor of butanoic, pentanoic and hexanoic acids.

Answer 31

distinctly unpleasant odor

Question 32

Why do the higher acids have little odor?

Answer 32

Because they have lower volatility

Question 33

True of false

carboxylic acids have lower boiling points than alcohols of similar size.

Answer 33

False.

they have higher boiling poits due to the hydrogen bonding