Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins Flashcards
Which of the following groups are expected to be found in carbohydrates?
Select one:
a. alcohol
b. thiol
c. methyl
d. amide
a. alcohol
Which of the following sugars fails to give a positive Benedict’s test?
Select one:
a. glucose
b. galactose
c. lactose
d. sucrose
d. sucrose
Of the 16 aldohexoses, how many exist in the D form?
Select one:
a. 8
b. 16
c. 4
d. 6
a. 8
The sweetest of the common sugars is
Select one:
a. fructose
b. glucose
c. galactose
d. maltose
a. fructose
A polysaccharide containing Beta(1–>4) linkages is
Select one:
a. cellulose
b. glycogen
c. amylose
d. amylopectin
a. cellulose
A mnonsaccharide used to form nucleic acids is
Select one:
a. glucose
b. galactose
c. ribose
d. maltose
c. ribose
A component of lactose is the sugar
Select one:
a. ribose
b. deoxyribose
c. fructose
d. galactose
d. galactose
Carbohydrates which contain two sugar units chemically linked together are called
Select one:
a. monosaccharides
b. disaccharides
c. trisaccharides
d. polysaccharides
b. disaccharides
Which of the following choices is a carbohydrate?
Select one:
a. progestin
b. formaldehyde
c. galactose
d. hexamide
c. galactose
Which of the following is a disaccharide?
Select one:
a. glucose
b. fructose
c. galactose
d. maltose
d. maltose
The cyclic form of _________ contains a furanose ring.
Select one:
a. glucose
b. maltose
c. galactose
d. fructose
d. fructose
The body stores carbohydrates as
Select one:
a. cellulose
b. glycogen
c. sucrose
d. starch
b. glycogen
Sugars which contain an aldehyde group that can be oxidized are called
Select one:
a. reducing sugars
b. oxidizing sugars
c. glycosides
d. simple sugars
a. reducing sugars
Structurally, glycogen is most similar to
Select one:
a. amylose
b. amylopectin
c. cellulose
d. sucrose
b. amylopectin
The disaccharide formed during the digestion of starch is
Select one:
a. amylose
b. lactose
c. maltose
d. sucrose
c. maltose
The simplest carbohydrates are called
Select one:
a. monosaccharides
b. disaccharides
c. polysaccharides
d. oligosaccharides
a. monosaccharides
A sugar present in honey in a 1:1 ratio with glucose is
Select one:
a. fructose
b. maltose
c. sucrose
d. galactose
a. fructose
Which of the following is a characteristic of a lipid?
Select one:
a. Most lipids are soluble in water
b. Most lipids are waxy
c. Lipids are found only in animals
d. Most lipids are high density compounds
b. Most lipids are waxy
A lipid is hydrolyzed to form a mixture of fatty acids, glycerol and phosphate as the products. The lipid would be classified as
Select one:
a. simple
b. nonsaponifiable
c. complex
d. miscellaneous
c. complex
Which reaction is involved in preparing margarine from corn oil?
Select one:
a. hydrolysis
b. esterification
c. saponification
d. hydrogenation
d. hydrogenation
Which of the following fatty acids has the lowest melting point?
Select one:
a. C19H39COOH
b. C17H33COOH
c. C17H29COOH
d. C17H31COOH
c. C17H29COOH
The hormone that helps to regulate the level of sodium ions in the blood is
Select one:
a. aldosterone
b. vasopressin
c. insulin
d. progesterone
a. aldosterone
The main function of bile salts is to
Select one:
a. stimulate the absorption of minerals through the intestinal wall
b. emulsify lipids in the digestive tract
c. provide a pathway for lowering cholesterol levels
d. serve as hormonal agents in the digestive process
b. emulsify lipids in the digestive tract
Fatty acids present as components in cell membrane are often
Select one:
a. saturated
b. unsaturated
c. short chained
d. branched
b. unsaturated
Glycerol is an example of
Select one:
a. an alcohol
b. an ester
c. a carboxylic acid
d. an ether
a. an alcohol
The most common ring found in a prostaglandin is
Select one:
a. cyclohexane
b. cyclopentane
c. phenanthrene
d. pyran
b. cyclopentane
Membrane-enclosed bodies within eukaryotic cells are called
Select one:
a. prokaryotes
b. eukaryotes
c. organelles
d. micelles
c. organelles
Which of the following fatty acids has the highest melting point?
Select one:
a. C11H23COOH
b. C13H27COOH
c. C15H31COOH
d. C17H35COOH
d. C17H35COOH
One feature of the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure is called the
Select one:
a. microfilament.
b. pleated sheet.
c. hydrophilic sheet.
d. lipid bilayer.
d. lipid bilayer.
One of the products of hydrolysis of a fat is
Select one:
a. an aldehyde.
b. glycerol.
c. an ester.
d. a ketone.
b. glycerol.
The products of hydrolysis of a wax include a fatty acid and
Select one:
a. glycerol.
b. a long chain alcohol.
c. an ester.
d. choline.
b. a long chain alcohol.
Fatty acids usually have ____________________________.
Select one:
a. an odd number of carbon atoms
b. an even number of carbon atoms
c. an odd number of oxygen atoms
d. an odd number of oxygen atoms and an odd number of carbon atoms
b. an even number of carbon atoms
Lipid oils are usually obtained from
Select one:
a. plant sources.
b. animal sources.
a. plant sources.
Phosphoglycerides differ from glycerides in that one of the hydroxyl groups of glycerol is esterified with
Select one:
a. phosphoric acid.
b. phosphorus.
c. choline.
d. serine.
a. phosphoric acid.
A phosphoglyceride containing a choline component is called a
Select one:
a. sphingolipid.
b. cephaline.
c. glycolipid.
d. lecithin.
d. lecithin.
Which of the following components is present in cephalin?
Select one:
a. choline
b. galactose
c. serine
d. sphingomyeline
c. serine
An alpha amino acid contains
Select one:
a. an amino group on the carbon next to the carboxyl group.
b. two amino groups.
c. two carboxyl groups.
d. an amino group on the end carbon.
a. an amino group on the carbon next to the carboxyl group.
A side chain (R group) containing CH2-OH would be classified as
Select one:
a. acidic.
b. basic.
c. neutral and nonpolar.
d. neutral and polar.
d. neutral and polar.
By convention, N-terminal end of a peptide is usually placed on the ____ of a structure.
Select one:
a. right
b. left
c. bottom
d. top
b. left
The isoelectric point of an amino acid is
Select one:
a. the pH at which there is no net electrical charge on the amino acid.
b. the electrical charge on the amino acid in solution.
c. the electrical charge of the protein surface.
d. the pH at which there are no ions in solution.
a. the pH at which there is no net electrical charge on the amino acid.
Which polypeptide decreases urine production?
Select one:
a. gastrin
b. oxytocin
c. vasopressin
d. insulin
c. vasopressin
Which polypeptide stimulates the production of adrenal hormones?
Select one:
a. ACTH
b. ADH
c. glucagon
d. prolactic
a. ACTH
A large protein undergoes a hydrolysis reaction. The products of such a reaction include
Select one:
a. amino acids.
b. glycerol.
c. water.
d. large proteins do not undergo hydrolysis reactions
a. amino acids.
The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called the _______ structure.
Select one:
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. quaternary
a. primary
A pleated sheet structure is an example of _________ protein structure.
Select one:
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. quaternary
b. secondary
What bonding forces are responsible for the secondary structure of a protein?
Select one:
a. disulfide linkages
b. salt bonds
c. hydrophobic bonding
d. hydrogen bonding
d. hydrogen bonding
What type of bonds form when two side chains containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group are in close proximity?
Select one:
a. disulfide
b. salt bridge
c. hydrogen
d. hydrophobic
b. salt bridge
What type of bonds form when two nonpolar side chains are in close proximity?
Select one:
a. disulfide
b. hydrogen
c. hydrophilic
d. hydrophobic
d. hydrophobic
The tertiary structure of myoglobin reveals that nonpolar portions are primarily on the ________ of the molecule.
Select one:
a. interior
b. exterior
c. iron containing portion
d. oxygen contain portion
a. interior
The association of several protein chains into a larger structure as in the case of hemoglobin is an example of _________ structure.
Select one:
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. quaternary
d. quaternary
Protein denaturation results in a disruption of the
Select one:
a. primary structure
b. secondary and tertiary structure
c. primary and secondary structure
d. primary, secondary and tertiary structure
b. secondary and tertiary structure
A nursing mother comes to you wanting to take something for minor arthritis pain. Which drug would you not recommend her to use?
Select one:
a. Acetaminophen
b. Ibuprofen
c. Codeine
d. Methotrexate
d. Methotrexate
