Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nutrition > carbohydrates > Flashcards

carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Whole/unrefined grains contain?

A

Bran, Germ and Endosperm Layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bran layer is a good source of ?

A

fibre and vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What layer is the bran layer?

A

outside layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The germ layer is a good source of ?

A

vegetable oils, vitamin E&B, PRO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Endosperm layer contains?

A

starch and some protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Refined grains are made from?

A

endosperm(Starch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Refined grains may be enriched/fortified with

A

thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, iron and folate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

There are two types of carbohydrates what are they?

A

Simple and complex carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the types of simple carbohydrates?

A

glucose, fructose, galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Disarcchaires are?

A

pair of monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the types of disarcchairdes?

A

maltose, lactose, sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

____ + ____ = maltose

A

glucose + glucose = maltose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

____ + ____ = sucrose

A

glucose + fructose = sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

____ + ____ = lactose

A

glucose + galactose = lactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hydrolysis reaction does what?

A

breaks sugar molecules apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Condensation reaction does what?

A

links two sugar molecules together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a short chain (

A

oligosaccriades

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Polysaccharides are long chains of?

A

monosaccraides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Glycogen is ?

A

storage form of glucose in body for animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Starch and fibre is?

A

storage form of glucose in plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What cannot be digested by human enzymes or absorbed ?

A

dietary fibre (complex carbohydrates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Soluble fibre is ?

A

viscous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Insoluble fibre is ?

A

non-viscous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What type of fibre is digested by intestinal bacteria?

A

soluble fibre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Classification of fibre?

A

natural fibres, functional fibres, total fibres

26
Q

what makes up total fibres?

A

functional fibre + dietary fibre

27
Q

Natural fibres are found?

28
Q

Functional fibres are?

A

isolated and fibre that is added to food, has health benefits

29
Q

Soluble and insoluble Fibre delays ____ emptying

30
Q

Soluble fibre promotes ___ nutrient absorption

31
Q

Increased GI tract volume and gut mobility is done by what?

A

soluble and insoluble fibre

32
Q

Fibre has been effective in reducing?

33
Q

Fibre has been effective in lowering?

34
Q

Bile acid is secreted from ?

A

cholesterol

35
Q

Bile acid is secreted to promote?

A

fat solubilization

36
Q

Name some bowel disorders.

A

Haemorrhoids, diverticulitis, constipation

37
Q

Diets high in fibre reduce what type of cancer?

A

colon cancer

38
Q

Lactose intolerance is a?

A

lactase dysfunction

39
Q

Lactose intolerance is associated with ____ intake of certain vitamin and minerals

40
Q

___ and ____ are better tolerated

A

yogurt and cheeses are better tolerated

41
Q

where is glucose stored in the body?

A

liver and muscle

42
Q

body can make glucose from ?

A

precursors

43
Q

what is gluconeogenesis?

A

conversion of non-glucose precursors to glucose

44
Q

[glucose] in the blood is regulated by?

A

liver and pancreas

45
Q

insulin is secreted by ?

A

B-cells of the pancreas

46
Q

glucagon is secreted by ?

A

a-cells of pancreas

47
Q

What are the 4 steps to glucose transport?

A
  1. insulin binds to receptor
  2. signals to pool of intracellular membrane bound GLUT4
  3. GLUT4 moves to membrane and fuses
  4. Glucose moves into cell through transporter
48
Q

Type 1 diabetes is an ____ disease.

A

autoimmune

49
Q

Type 2 diabetes cells have a ___ sensitivity to ____

A

decreased sensitivity to insulin

50
Q

Gestational diabetes occurs in?

51
Q

What is the most common form of diabetes?

52
Q

treatment for type 2 diabetes?

A

diet, exercise, weight loss and/or medication/insulin

53
Q

Treatment for type 1 diabetes?

A

insulin/medications

54
Q

The Glycemic index does?

A

ranks food according to potential for raising blood glucose

55
Q

Glycemic response is ?

A

how quickly and high blood glucose rises after carbohydrates are consumed

56
Q

GLUT4 are ____ sensitive ____

A

contraction sensitive transporters

57
Q

RDA for carbs is?

58
Q

carbs provide how much energy?

A

4 kcal/game

59
Q

Increase intensity of exercise ____ is preferred fuel?

60
Q

How much glycogen is stored in muscle and liver?

61
Q

Postprandial liver has ___ - ____ glycogen

Nutrition (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions