Carbohydrates 3: Polysaccharides as structural units 2.2.5 Flashcards
Where is cellulose found?
In plant cell walls, as it is strong and prevents cells from bursting due to osmotic pressure.
What monomers joins cellulose together?
Beta glucose
How do the two B-glucose monomers join?
The second B-glucose flips itself so a glycosidic bond can form.
Is cellulose branched?
No, it has chains which lay side by side.
What are microfibrils?
Form when hydrogen bonds form between -OH on neighbouring cellulose chains.
How do microfibrils benefit plant cell walls?
As they give cellulose it’s high tensile strength.
What is chitin?
Used to make insect & crustacean exoskeletons.
How does chitin differ from cellulose?
Chitin has a acetylamino group rather than a hydroxyl group on carbon 2.
Why is cellulose an excellent material for plant cell walls?
- It is difficult to digest, therefore has a high tensile strength
- There is space between macrofibrils for water and mineral ions.
