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MODULE 2 > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Group
of compounds composed of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen.

A

Carbohydrates

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2
Q

Fructose is a a (aldehyde or ketone)?

A

Ketone

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3
Q

Simple sugar. Cannot yield another sugar unit upon HYDROLYSIS

A

Monosaccharide

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4
Q

Simplest form of monosaccharide, which does
not occur free in nature

A

Diose

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5
Q

Very common in plants and are the
products of hydrolysis of polysaccharides
like hemicelluloses, mucilages and gums

A

Pentoses

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6
Q

Most important monosaccharide found in
plants; are the first detectable sugars
synthesized by plants and form the units
from which most of the polysaccharides
are constructed

A

Hexoses

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7
Q

From incomplete hydrolysis of starch

A

Liquid glucose

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8
Q

A ketohexose
* Ketone group is present in carbon 2

A

Fructose

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9
Q

D- fructose the
sweetest monosaccharide, also known as?

A

Levulose

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10
Q

Also known as fruit sugar?

A

Fructose

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11
Q

Food for diabetic patients

A

Fructose

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12
Q

Ingredient in infant feeding formula

A

Fructose

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13
Q

Also known as brain sugar? Found in milk

A

Galactose

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14
Q

Test for Galactose?

A

mucic acid test

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15
Q

Compounds having the same chemical formula but
differ in the spatial arrangement around a single
carbon atom

A

Epimers

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16
Q

Diagnostic aid in intestinal malabsorption. Due to the reason that it is absorbed in the small intestine but
does not undergo metabolism.

A

Xylose

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17
Q

Also known as wood sugar?

A

Xylose

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18
Q

A pentose that is a component of RNA and ATP

A

Ribose

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19
Q

Sucrose is composed of?

A

Composed of Fructose and Glucose

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20
Q

Known as table sugar?

A

Sucrose

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21
Q

Latin name of “Sugar maple-“

A

Acer saccharum

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22
Q

Latin name for “Sugar beets”?

A

Beta vulgaris

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23
Q

Maltose is composed of?

A

Glucose + Glucose
* Reducing sugar

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24
Q

Produced during the germination of barley

A

Maltose

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25
Q

Milk sugar; obtained from cow’s milk Bos taurus Fam.
Bovidae

A

Lactose

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26
Q

Lactose is consists of?

A

Glucose + Galactose

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27
Q

general test for Carbohydrate

A

Anthrone test

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28
Q

Positive result of Anthrone test?

A

yields a blue or green solution

29
Q

1 gram of Carbohydrate = ?

A

4 kcal of Energy

30
Q

Test for Pentoses:

A

-Bials Test
-Benzidine Test

31
Q

known as “corn sugar or grape sugar”

A

glucose

32
Q

C4 epimers w/ glucose

A

Galactose

33
Q

is the only disaccharide that occurs in free state

A

sucrose

34
Q

major degradation product of starch hydrolysis

A

maltose

35
Q

liquid left after skimmed milk is treated w/
rennin

A

whey

36
Q

partial evaporation in vacuum &
consequent sterilization

A

condensed milk

37
Q

fermented milk

A

kumyss

38
Q

lactulose is consist of?

A

Fructose + Galactose (-1,4)

39
Q

laxative, to reduce straining in defecation

A

lactulose

40
Q

structural polysaccharides in animals & fungi

A

chitin

41
Q

present in Chitin that cannot be
found in cellulose

A

Galacturonic acid

42
Q

Storage of Polysaccharide In plants reserve carbohydrate of plants

A

starch

43
Q

confirmatory test for starch

A

Iodine test

44
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?
Amylopectin is the a-amylase. While Amylose is a b-amylose.

A

TRUE

45
Q

amylase enzyme in pancreatic juice & saliva

A

a-amylase = amylopectin

46
Q

removes maltose units from the
non-reducing ends of
polysaccharide molecules

A

b-amylase = amylose

47
Q

Unofficial Sources of Starch:

A

Arrow root ( Maranta Arundinacea)

48
Q

Antidote of iodine toxicity?

A

1% starch

49
Q

tacky proteins removed from corn & wheat
in the preparation of starch

A

gluten

50
Q

Glycogen is stored in where?

A

stored in the liver & skeletal muscles

51
Q

Diagnostic aid to estimate GFR
(Glomerular filtration rate)

A

Inulin

52
Q

used in culture media as a fermentative identifying agent for certain bacteria & in spinal laboratory methods for the evaluation of renal function

A

Inulin

53
Q

How many carboxylic acid in the “citric acid”

A

tricarboxylic acid

54
Q

Scientific name ‘cherry juice”

A

Prunus cerasus

55
Q

 substance accumulates in the muscle as a
result of vigorous exercise

A

Lactic acid

56
Q

acidulant in infant feeding formulation

A

lactic acid

57
Q

A test that is used to differentiate citric & tartaric acids
citrates & tartrates

A

Denige’s test

58
Q

TRUE OR FALSE.
Tartaric acid is a “dicarboxylic acid”

A

TRUE

59
Q

by product of the wine industry

A

Tartaric acid

60
Q

an organic acid found in fruits of Averboa balimbi

A

Oxalic acid

61
Q

the residual dark colored syrup left upon crystallization of sucrose

A

molasses

62
Q

In making Wine,
Tannin acts as?

A

Clarifying agent

63
Q

decrease intracranial pressure

A

Mannitol

64
Q

dried saccharine exudates of “Fraximus ornus”

A

Mannitol

65
Q

mountain ash (Gorbus acuparia)

A

Sorbitol

66
Q

half as sweet as sucrose

A

Sorbitol

67
Q

accumulates in lenses of diabetics & produces cataracts

A

sorbitol

68
Q
A

MODULE 2 (5 decks)

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