Carbohydrates

Question 1

What are carbohydrates?

Answer 1

made of C,H,O
1:1 ratio
short term energy storage molecule
3 types: mono, di and poly

Question 2

Monosaccharides

Answer 2

Individual sugar molecules
alpha glucose -hydroxyl (OH) bottom
beta glucose -hydroxy(OH) top

Question 3

Monosaccharides Insomers

Answer 3

Insomers: molecules with the same chem formula but diff structures
Ex: Glucose, Fructose & Galactose (C6H12O6)

Question 4

Disaccharides

Answer 4

2 monosaccharides linked by covalent bond via condensation reaction
Oligosaccharides 2 or more sugars linked by…
glycosidic linkages: formed by condensation reaction from two hydroxyl groups

Question 5

Polysaccharide

Answer 5

several monosaccharides
Ex: Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose, Chitin
Energy storage & structural support

Question 6

Starch (poly)

Answer 6

energy storage in plants
1-4 linkages of alpha glucose
made of amylose & amylopectin

Question 7

Glycogen (poly)

Answer 7

short term energy storage in animal cells
1-4 linkages of alpha glucose
stored in muscle & liver cells

Question 8

Cellulose (poly)

Answer 8

plant cell structure (cell walls)
1-4 linkages of beta glucose

Question 9

Chitin (poly)

Answer 9

external skeletons and cell wall of fungi
1-4 linkages, beta