2.1 Cell Structures

Question 1

Organelle

Answer 1

internal functional structure that’s located within the cytosol of cell

Question 2

plasma membrane

Answer 2

dynamic barrier surrounding cytosol of cell

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

in most eukaryotic cells
contains almost all DNA
Nuclear envelope: two layer membrane
Nucleolus: viscous fluid

Question 4

Endomembrane system

Answer 4

interacting organelles between nucleus & plasma membrane
main functions: make lipids, enzymes & other proteins
specialized functions destroying toxins & recycling waste

Question 5

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 5

flattened sacs & tubes often an outgrowth of nuclear envelope
rough er: ribosomes attached that synthesize polypeptide chains (proteins)
smooth er: no ribosomes (don’t make proteins)

Question 6

Vesicle

Answer 6

transport, stores & digests substances within cell

Question 7

vacuole

Answer 7

liquid- filled
stores waste, aids in cellular metabolism & water balance

Question 8

Lysosomes

Answer 8

waste disposal

Question 9

golgi body

Answer 9

final packaging of protein

Question 10

mitochondria

Answer 10

atp synthesis occurs (chemical energy transport)

Question 11

plastid

Answer 11

chloroplast: performs photosynthesis
chromoplasts : makes & stores pigments (storage in plants)
amyloplasts: stores starch

Question 12

cytoskeleton

Answer 12

provides cell structure, helps with cell division & enables movements

Question 13

cell wall

Answer 13

outer barrier of plant cell & gives structure