carbohydrates

Question 1

What are monosaccharides?

Answer 1

monosaccharides are the monomers of carbohydrates. their primary function is as an energy source.
examples include glucose and ribose.

Question 2

What are polysaccharides?

Answer 2

they are monosaccharides that are covalently joined together, by glycosidic linkages to form polymers (condensation reaction required).
they are more complex that disaccharides, which are used for transport.
polysaccharides function:
-short term energy storage(glycogen/starch)
-structural components(cellulose)
-recognition/receptors(glycoproteins)

Question 3

cellulose

Answer 3

-polysaccharide
-component of the plant cell wall
-linear molecule made up of beta-glucose subunits.
-subunits bound in 1-4 arrangement

Question 4

starch

Answer 4

-polysaccharide
-energy storage in plants
-composed of alpha-glucose subunits and exists in two forms
-amylose is linear (helical) and bound in 1-4 arrangement
-amylopectin is branched (bound in 1-4 and 1-6 arrangement

Question 5

glycogen

Answer 5

-polysaccharide
-energy storage in animals
-branched molecule composed of alpha-glucose subunits
is like amylopectin, but with more frequent 1-6 bonding

Question 6

energy storage acronym SODAS

Answer 6

S- storage- lipids is long term storage, and carbs short term
O- osmotic pressure- lipids are easier to store than carbs
D- digestion- carbs are easier to digest that lipids
A- ATP yield- lipids store more energy per gram
S- solubility- lipids are insoluble in water, and carbs are soluble.