Carb Metabolism Revision - HMP&Glycogen

Question 1

oxidative irreversible phase and key enzyme

Answer 1

Non reversible
release NADPH
key enzyme: G6PD

Question 2

non oxidative reversible phase , what does it require?

Answer 2

reversible

requires transketolase, TPP, and transaldolase

Question 3

NADPH importance

Answer 3

1. FA Synthesis
2. Steroid Synthesis
3. Vision
4. Important for h2o2
   (gives 2H to GSH)

Question 4

Favism. deficiency, what to avoid and treatment

Answer 4

deficiency in G6PD which is key enzyme of HMP so h2o2 ruins red blood cells.
attack occurs when eating lava beans or certain drugs and treatment is to avoid them and blood transfusion during attack

Question 5

HMP regulation

Answer 5

G6PD
NADPH is inhibitor
induced by insulin

Question 6

uronic acid pathway produces and site

Answer 6

glucuronic acid and cytosol of liver ONLY

Question 7

Glycogen synthase active form

Answer 7

dephosphorylated

Question 8

UDP

Answer 8

carrier for glucose

Question 9

glycogenolysis definition and site

Answer 9

breakdown of glycogen to glucose or glucose 6 phosphate

in cytosol of liver and muscles

Question 10

glycogen phosphorylase active form

Answer 10

phosphorylated

Question 11

von gierk

Answer 11

glycogen storage disease

deficiency of glucose 6 phosphatase ( key enzyme of gluconeogenesis)

Question 12

symptoms of von gierks

Answer 12

5H + Lactic acidosis

1. hypoglycemia
2. hypertriacylglycerolemia (extra TAG in blood)
3. Hypercholesterolemia (due to high FA oxidation)
4. hyperuricemia
5. hepatomegaly and enlarged kidney