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GK - EDS > (CAR) General Biology 3 > Flashcards

(CAR) General Biology 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Who discovered bacteria first?

A

In 1697, Van Leeuwenhoek discovered “protozoa” - the single-celled organisms and he called them “animalcules”. He also improved the microscope and laid foundation for microbiology. He is often cited as the first microbiologist to study muscle fibers, bacteria, spermatozoa and blood flow in capillaries.

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2
Q

Pupa?

A

A pupa (Latin: pupa for doll, plural: pupae) is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation between immature and mature stages. The pupal stage is found only in holometabolous insects, those that undergo a complete metamorphosis, with four life stages: egg, larva, pupa and imago.

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3
Q

If the temperature rises up to 40 degree celcius, the rate of Photosynthesis

A

may stop altogether

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4
Q

An adult requires ____ grams of protien daily

A

50-100 grams

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5
Q

Protiens are required to make the following?

A
  • Antibodies
  • Connective Tissues
  • Hormones
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6
Q

Lipid are obtained from

A

Both plant and animal sources

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7
Q

One moel of haemoglobin containing blood carries ___ oxygen

A

20 ml

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8
Q

The rate of breathing is regulated by

A

Amount of Co2 in blood

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9
Q

The exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen gas b/w the cell and the atmosphere during photosynthesis takes place by

A

Active Transport

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10
Q

Leucocytes?

A
  • White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.
  • produced in Lymph.
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11
Q

Haemophilia is coz of absence of

A

Clotting
(Hemophilia is an inherited bleeding, or coagulation, disorder. Children with hemophilia lack the ability to stop bleeding because of the low levels, or complete absence, of specific proteins, called factors, in their blood that are necessary for clotting.)

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12
Q

Anemia is coz of

A
  • Deficiency of B12, Iron and Folic Acid
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13
Q

Amount of water in mammalian blood is

A

94%

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14
Q

Function of Platelets

A

Carry the oxygen

The principal function of platelets is to prevent bleeding.

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15
Q

The process of breakdown of complex organic molecules into simpler compounds in order to get energy is

A

Catabolism

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16
Q

Verterbral column in human beings consists of _____ verterbrae

A

33
(The vertebral column usually consists of 33 vertebrae: 24 presacral vertebrae (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar) followed by the sacrum (5 fused sacral vertebrae) and the coccyx (4 frequently fused coccygeal vertebrae).)

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17
Q

_____ pairs of ribs attached to the upper part of the vertebral column

A

12

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18
Q

Femur, tibia and febula are bones of

A

Legs

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19
Q

The bones of the arms are attached to vertebral coloumn through

A

Pectoral Girdles
(The shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle is the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton which connects to the arm on each side)

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20
Q

The person whose blood has a reduced capacity of delivering oxygen to tissues suffer from

A

Haemophilia

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21
Q

_____ produced by genetics engeenering

A

Rahu-Thaila Carp

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22
Q

_____ is produced by hybridization and selective breeding

A

Neeli-Ravi Buffalo

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23
Q

Haemophilia is also a ___ disease

A

Hereditary

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24
Q

Colour-blind person cannot distinguish red from

A

Green

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25
Q

_____ Proposed theory of continous and gradual evolution of life from simple to complex

A

Aristotle

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26
Q

Darwin himself bred

A

Pigeion

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27
Q

Evolution through mutation was suggested by

A

Hugo De Veries
(According to de Vries’ mutation theory, living organisms can develop changes to their genes that greatly alter the organism.)

28
Q

In the eye, colour vision is affected by the presence of

A

Rods

29
Q

What do calories measure

A

Heat

30
Q

All the metabolic reactions in the organisms are catalysed by

A

Enzymes

31
Q

The membranous labyrinth of the ear is filled with

A

Endolymph

32
Q

_____ enzyme present in saliva

A

Ptyalin

33
Q

The terminal part of vertebral column in man is called

A

Coceyx

34
Q

The heart beat is initiated and regulated by nodal tissue made of speicalised cardiac muscles called

A

Purkinje Tissu

35
Q

RNA differs from DNA in containing

A

Ribose

36
Q

Who discovered the blood groups of man

A

Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943), the Austrian-born American immunologist and Nobel Prize winner, discovered blood groups and helped establish the science of immunochemistry.

37
Q

Glycogen is mainly stores in

A

Liver and Muscles

38
Q

Pepsin converts

A

Protien into peptides in acid media

39
Q

DNA model was given by

A

in April 1953 in the scientific paper where James Watson and Francis Crick presented the structure of the DNA-helix, the molecule that carries genetic information from one generation to the other

40
Q

The theory of inheritance of acquired characters was propounded by

A 
Gregor Mendel
(J.B Lamarck is best known for his Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics, first presented in 1801 (Darwin's first book dealing with natural selection was published in 1859): If an organism changes during life in order to adapt to its environment, those changes are passed on to its offspring
41
Q

Pituitary gland is a gland attached to

A

The base of the brain

42
Q

Liver produces

A

Bile

43
Q

Synthesis of gene in the laboratory was done for the first time by

A

Har Gobind Khorana

44
Q

In ______ organ of the human body are the lymphocyte cells formed

A

Spleen

45
Q

The characteristic of odour of garlic is due to

A

A sulphur compound

46
Q

Flowers colours are due to

A

Anthocyanins

47
Q

Calcium content is maximum in

A

Maize

48
Q

what is stored in gall bladder

A

Bile

49
Q

Smallest plant on the earth are

A

The Algae

50
Q

The global Iodine deficiency disorder day is observed on

A

21st October

51
Q

Who invented the polio vaccine

A

The first polio vaccine was the inactivated polio vaccine. It was developed by Jonas Salk and came into use in 1955. The oral polio vaccine was developed by Albert Sabin and came into commercial use in 1961.

52
Q

What is the peritoneum

A

A membrane

53
Q

Fat is a

A

Lipid

54
Q

____ gives maximum energy in metabolic process

A

Fats

55
Q

Lack of essential amino acids in diet can cause disease such as

A

Kwashiorhar
(Kwashiorkor, also known as “edematous malnutrition” because of its association with edema (fluid retention), is a nutritional disorder most often seen in regions experiencing famine. It is a form of malnutrition caused by a lack of protein in the diet)

56
Q

____ regulates the metabolism of sugars

A

Insulin

57
Q

The digestion of fat in intestines is aided by

A

Emulsification

58
Q

Deficiency of Sodium and Potassium causes

A
  • Mascular cramps
  • Headache
  • Diarrhea
59
Q

_____ substance used to bring relief in pain are called

A

Analgesics

60
Q

Interferon is

A

Virus
(nterferons (IFNs) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also tumor cells.)

61
Q

Pencillin is

A

Antibiotic

62
Q

Salive contains

A

Amylases
(An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion)

63
Q

Redness in blood is because of the presence of

A

Blood is red because of the hemoglobin inside our red blood cells. Hemoglobin is a protein that forms a complex with iron molecules and together they transport oxygen molecules throughout the body. … When hemoglobin is carrying a lot of oxygen (like when just leaving the lungs), blood is bright red.

64
Q

Insulin in human body is produced in

A

The hormone insulin is a main regulator of the glucose (sugar) levels in the blood. Insulin is produced in the pancreas. To be more specific, it’s produced by the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

65
Q

Laws of Heredity were discoverd by

A

Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance

GK - EDS (19 decks)

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