Capsular disorders Flashcards
Traumatic arthritis
occurs following an injury or physical trauma such s penetrating wound
similar to other forms of arthritis- pain, inflammation, increasing pain with wbing
restricts normal jt mobility
Adhesive capsulitis
develops without apparent cause
more common at 45-60 yo
2% in normal and 11% on diabetic populations
some connection with hypo/hyper thyroidism
Shoulder hand syndrome
chronic pain condition most often affecting one of the limbs usually after injury or trauma to that limb
Common features: skin texture and color (bluish, shiny, atrophic), swelling, dytonia, stiffness of affected jt, allodynia
Exact cause unknown
Hemarthrosis
severe pain immed after injury
can develop spontaneously in hemophilia
more common at knee, elbow, and ankle jts
Rapid swelling-differentiates from joint effusion
blood should be aspirated at once
Tuberculosis of GH joint
Far less pronounced than septic arthritis, is slower in progression
Clinical dx very difficult and can only be made late
Caps patter often assoc with severe muscle atrophy
Tx similar to septic arthritis but anti tubercular agents can be administered
Rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology-SYMMETRIC, erosive synovitis
pain and stiffness usually greatest in morning
spastic end feel
warmth and tenderness
3 to 1 female to male ratio
osteoporosis and jt space narrowing
Septic non-tuberculosis arthritis
caused by inoculation of bacterium into the joint
mainly seen in elderly people-DM, immune deficiency, malnutrition, alcoholism
Inspection may show swelling often due to subcutaneous abscess
Metasteses
can be localized either in humeral head or at the glenoid
rapidly inc pain around the shoulder, radiating into the arm and increasingly restricted shoulder movement
localized warmth and very pronounced caps pattern
Crystal synovitis (gout) vs Pseudogout
manifests as arthritis-serum crystals
usually appears unilaterally in a single jt but can occur in multiple joints
lasts 2-10 days an resolves spontaneously
DDX- absence of jt space narrowing and fail to resolve completely
men > women
psuedogout=presence of pyrophosphate crystals in the jt
Primary tumors
occurs mainly in younger pts and may occur in acute leukemia or be due to sarcoma
presents insidiously
presents as localized, non mechanical pain
CAPS PATTERN in younger pt, should always be suspicious of primary tumor
Aseptic necrosis (osteonecrosis)
mainly affects middle aged people
three causes: traumatic (prox humeral fracture), non traumatic, idiopathic
bone scan and MRI can detect in early stages
prosthetic jt surgery may be indicated
osteoarthrosis
primary degenerative jt disease
painless crepitus on movement
