Capillary Puncture Exam (Sem 1 Final) Flashcards
Venipuncture
method of blood collection from a vein
Veins
blood vessels with valves that carry blood toward the heart
How many layers are veins?
3 layers
Arteries
Blood vessels w/ a pulse that carry blood away from the heart
how many layers are arteries?
3 layers
Capillaries
network of microscopic blood vessels connecting arterioles and venules that contain a mixture of arterial and venous blood
Requisition
Generated by a physician/provider’s order
Ways to verify a patient before performing capillary puncture/venipuncture
full name & DOB
Most critical error a phlebotomist could make before collecting a blood specimen
the misidentification of a patient
Positions for patients when performing blood collection methods
semi-reclining position
Interstitial Fluid
all the fluid except blood that is found in the same space between tissues
interstitial fluid is what color?
Clear
What is another name for interstitial fluid?
Tissue Fluid
Lancet
Capillary puncture devices
3 characteristics of Lancets…
sterile, disposable, retractable
lancets are __________?
color coded
what is the depth of a heel stick for an infant?
never exceeding 2mm
what is the depth of a finger stick for an adult?
2-3mm
Types of capillary puncture collection containers
microtainers, capillary tube
point of care testing…
direct contact patient setting
microcollection
collecting a small amount of blood by capillary puncture of the heel/finger
capillary action
process by which blood flows freely into a capillary tube in microcollection procedures
osteomyelitis means what?
bone inflammation
what causes osteomyelitis?
bacterial infection
cyanotic
condition in which the skin/mucous membranes are blue
what causes cyanosis?
oxygen deficiency
methods to increase blood flow to capillary puncture sites
- heat pack
- massage
- warm towel
what is the time frame for blood collection for newborn screening?
between 24&72 hours after birth
what setting is the blood collection generally performed at for newborn screening?
hospital nursery
what setting is the blood collection generally performed at for newborn screening?
hospital nursery
When should capillary puncture not be used?
- If testing requires a large amount of blood
- patient has poor peripheral circulation in the hands and feet
- Interstitial fluid from edema could dilute the test causing inaccurate results
What if blood flow stops during collection of a capillary blood specimen?
the entire procedure should be repeated at a new site with a new sterile puncture device
What if blood flow stops during collection of a capillary blood specimen?
the entire procedure should be repeated at a new site with a new sterile puncture device
What conditions are tested for in newborn screening?
- phenylketonuria (PKU)
- hypothyroidism
Why are conditions screened in newborns?
looking for a newborn that lacks certain enzymes, proteins, or hormones needed for certain metabolic reactions
What could happen if the conditions weren’t screened?
abnormalities as severe as mental retardation could develop
