Canine Lymphoma Flashcards
Which chromosomal aberration has been associated with a survival advantage in dogs with lymphoma? A. Trisomy of chromosome 13 B. Trisomy of chromosome 21 C. Loss of chromosome 14 D. Trisomy of chromosome 31
a. trisomy 13
Which best describes the immunophenotype of epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma in dogs?
A. CD4(+)/CD8(-)
B. CD8(+)/CD4(-)
C. CD20(+)/CD3(-)
D. CD34(+)/CD8(-)
b. CD8(+)/CD4(-)
Which breed has been shown to be at lower risk for lymphoma development?
A. German Shepherd Dog
B. Beagles
C. Airedales
D. Pomeranians
d. pomeranians
also dachshunds
Which of the following are the correct associations between the chromosome number and mutation associated with Burkitt’s-like lymphoma in dogs?
a. Chromosomes 5 and 8 – folliculin b. Chromosomes 8 and 13 – MYC c. Chromosomes 12 and 26 – p53 d. Chromosomes 9 and 22 – BCR/ABL e. Hemizygous deletion of 22 – Rb
b. Chromosomes 8 and 13 – MYC
MYC is under the control of the IGH or heavy chain enhancer, which causes overexpression of MYC.
What is the reported response rate for a single-dose of doxorubicin in dogs with B-cell lymphoma versus T-cell lymphoma?
a. 100% versus 75% b. 100% versus 50% c. 98% versus 86% d. 95% versus 75% e. 93% versus 82%
b. 100% versus 50%
Which of the following have been strongly associated with a negative prognosis for canine lymphoma?
i. hematologic toxicity during chemotherapy ii. increased lactate dehydrogenase activity iii. substage iv. MDR1 mutations v. anemia
a. I, ii
b. iii, iv
c. ii, iv
d. iii, v
e. iv, v
d. iii, v
- What is the most common immunophenotype associated with canine epitheliotrophic cutaneous lymphoma?
a. CD5+
b. CD4+
c. CD8+
d. CD21+
e. CD34+
c.
should also be CD3+
Epitheliotrophic cutaneous lymphoma is of T-cell origin. In dogs, CD8+ is the most common unlike in humans (in which CD4+ is the most common).
What percent of dogs with multicentric lymphoma exhibit radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates at the time of diagnosis?
a. 17%
b. 22%
c. 24%
d. 30%
e. 39%
d. 30%
According to Withrow, between 27-34% of dogs exhibit diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. Two sources are cited:
1) Starrak et al 2005 Vet Rad US: 29.6% of dogs had pulmonary infiltrates (80 of 192) a
2) Blackwood et al 1997 JSAP: 37% of dogs (31 of 84).
In general, 60-75% have abnormalities on thoracic radiographs with lymphadenopathy being the more common finding.
A Golden Retriever with B-cell lymphoma develops recurrence 60 days after completing the UW-Madison-Short CHOP protocol. The dog had been in complete remission for 6 months. Which of the following protocols is most reasonable to recommend, and what is the expected second remission duration?
a. UW-Madison-Short CHOP; 5 months
b. UW-Madison-Short CHOP; 3 months
c. CCNU/Elspar/prednisone; 4 months
d. MOPP; 4 months
e. DTIC; 2 months
b. UW-Madison-Short CHOP; 3 months
If recurrence occurs > 60 days after completion of the induction protocol, it is recommended to reinduce with the same protocol. Generally, the 2nd remission is half the length of the first. Consider the cumulative dose of doxorubicin. The aforementioned rescue protocols are associated with the following published median response durations:
CCNU/Elspar/pred – 63-70 days; MOPP – 31 days; DTIC 43-45 days.
In addition to PTHrP production, increased production of which of the following may be a contributing factor to paraneoplastic hypercalcemia in dogs with lymphoma? A) IL-2 B) IL-8 C) IL-1 D) IL-12
c. IL-1
Which of the following statements is true concerning biomarkers and prognosis?
A) Decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity predicts early recurrence
B) Increased glutathione-S-transferase is associated with worse prognosis
C) Hypercobalaminemia is associated with poor outcome
D) Decreased thymidine kinase activity is associated with worse prognosis
b. Increased glutathione-S-transferase is associated with worse prognosis
A 9 year old male neutered golden retriever presents with generalized lymphadenopathy and has been diagnosed with lymphoma via cytology of the prescapular and popliteal lymph nodes. Fine needle aspirations have been taken of these same lymph nodes and submitted for flow cytometry and immunophenotyping. The patient showed a mixed expression profile for T - and B-cell antigens. Identify the most correct CD molecules for this immunophenotype.
a. CD3+, CD4+, CD8-
b. CD79a+, IgM+, CD21+
c. CD79a+, IgM-, CD21+
d. CD3+, CD4+, CD8+
e. CD3+, CD79a-, CD21+
e. CD3+, CD79a-, CD21+
Increasingly aberrant expression of CD molecules has been reported in canine lymphoma. In a study of 59 dogs with lymphoma, tumor cells from 6 dogs were positive for both T- and B- cell markers. In some cases, malignant cells may co-express B- and T-cell markers.
Which two prognostic factors have been identified to negatively influence treatment response and survival in canine lymphoma patients?
i. dogs with CD21 immunoreactive (B cell) lymphoma
ii. dogs with CD3 immunoreactive (T cell) lymphoma
iv. dogs with substage a disease
v. dogs with substage b disease
a. i, v
b. ii, v
c. ii, iv
d. i, ii
e. i, iv
b. ii, v
Kaplan-Meier survival duration estimates for a group of 55 dogs with lymphoma treated with an identical CHOP-based combination chemotherapy protocol. Dogs with CD3 immunoreactive (T cell) lymphoma and substage b had significantly shorter survival durations.
Drug resistance can be inherent in cancer cells or develop following exposure to selected chemotherapeutic agents and is often associated with increased expression of members of the ATP cassette transporter superfamily. Identify which one is most commonly expressed in canine lymphoma.
a. ABCB1
b. ABCC1
c. ABCC2
d. ABCC5
e. ABCDE
a. ABCB1
b and c are more common in mammary. The role of ABC transporters in multi-drug resistance in canine and feline cancers is poorly explored; however, ABCB1 is expressed in canine lymphoma. ABCB1 is PGP/MDR1. P-glycoprotein is under the control of the MDR1 gene which has been reported in canine lymphoma following exposure to chemotherapy.
What % of dogs with large cell multicentric LSA will be alive at 2 yrs?
25%
