Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis Flashcards
Also colloquially known as kennel cough, is a highly contagious multifactorial disease characterized by acute or chronic inflammation of the trachea and bronchial airaways.
Canine infectious tracheobronchitis (CITB)
Under CITB it may act as a primary pathogen, especially in dogs <6 month old
Bordetella bronchiseptica
May cause secondary infections after viral injury to the respiratory tract.
Pseudomonas sp.
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella pneumoniae
CITB Incubation period is usually
5 to 7 days(range of 3-10 days)
CITB Primary target of these agents is the?
Upper airway epithelium
Clinical signs of CITB:
Epethelial injury
Acute inflammation
Dysfunction of the airway cilia
CITB prominent clinical sign:
Paroxysms of harsh
Dry coughing
Retching
Gagging
Development of more severe signs in CITB include:
Fever
Purulent nasal discharge
Depression
Anorexia
Productive cough
Distemper or bronchopneumonia
During the acute and subacute inflammatory stages of CITB, the air passages are filled with
Frothy
Serous
Mucopurulent exudate
In chronic bronchitis they contain
Excessive viscid mucus
In Chronic bronchitis the epithelial linings are:
Roughened and opaque
Result of diffuse fibrosis
Edema
Mononuclear cell infiltration
CITB should be suspected whenever the characteristics cough suddenly develops
5-10 days after exposure
CITB severity usually diminishes during the first
5 days
Antibiotics recommended for CITB include?
Amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid 12-25 mg/kg PO
Trimethoprim-sulfa drugs 15-30 mg/kg PO
Enrofloxacin 10 mg/kg PO every 24 hours
Doxycycline or minocycline 5-10 mg/kg PO every 12 hours for 7-14 days
If the cough is persistent in CITB give antitussive such as:
Hydrocodone at 0.22 mg/kg PO every 6-12 hours
Butorphanol at 0.5 mg/kg, PO, every 6-12 hours
CITB initial vaccine should be given at
6-8 weeks and repeated twice at 3 to 4 week intervals until the dog is 14-16 weeks old
