Candidiasis Flashcards
what is candidiasis
most common oral fungal infection caused by yeasts of the genus Candida
what is the most common causative agent
C.albicans
risk factors for developing Candidiasis
broad spectrum Abx,
immunocompromised (HIV, steroids, cancer (chemo/radiotherapy)
hyposalivation
central venous lines
cushings disease
diabetes mellitus
GI tract surgery
epidemiology
60% of adult population are carriers
80% of HIV patients will develop candidiasis
presenting symptoms (oral candidiasis)
creamy white or yellowish plaques, adherent to oral mucosa
cracks, ulcers or crusted fissures from angles of the mouth
redness of the tongue
burning oral pain
investigations for oral candidiasis
1st line investigation is a superficial smear of the lesion
a biopsy of lesion may be taken
why are swabs and cultures not used when diagnosing oral candidiasis
a lot of normal people (60%) are candidiasis carriers so it is irrelevant
treatment of mild/moderate oral candidiasis
topical antifungals
treatment of severe oral candidiasis
systemic antifungals
prognosis
recurring infections may suggest HIV or diabetes; signs of immunocompromisation
possible complications with systemic antifungal therapy
hepatotoxicity
possible complications of oral candidiasis uncontrolled/ untreated
oesophageal candidiasis
