Candidasis

Question 1

Name the two types

Answer 1

Oral and genital

Question 2

Pathophysiology

Answer 2

Candida is a yeast like fungus that is part of microbiota of the gut. When mucosal barriers are disrupted or defences are lowered then can colonise and cause infection.

An OPPURTUNISTIC infection

Question 3

Causative organism of oral and vaginal

Answer 3

Candida Albicans

Question 4

Risk factors of oral candida - 6

Answer 4

Age - v young or v old
Immunocompromised
Broad spectrum antibiotics and inhalded corticosteroids
Poor dental hygeine
Poor diet
Pregnancy

Question 5

Prx of oral - 4

Answer 5

• patches of white or yellow plaques
• Burning and itching sensation
• erythema
• fissuring at corners of the mouth

Question 6

Prx of genital - 6

Answer 6

Itching
White lumpy discharge
sour milk odour
dysuria
dyspareunia
redness

Question 7

Differentials of oral - 6

Answer 7

Glossitis
Hairy tongue - accumulation of keratin
Leukoplakia
Lichen planus
HIV
Oral cancer

Question 8

Differentials of genital - 4

Answer 8

BV
Trichomoniasis
Chlamydia
Genital herpes

Question 9

Investigations of genital - 2

Answer 9

Usually diagnosed on clinical findings

• under microscopy, neutrophils suggets Candida
• Cultures can be done to indentify the candida species

Question 10

Management of Oral - 3

Answer 10

Prescribe topical antifungal gels:
1st line - miconazole
2nd - nystatin

If infection is severe, prescribe fluconazole.

Give advice on good dental hygiene, smoking and medications

Question 11

Management of Gential - 2

Answer 11

Oral antifungals:
- fluconazole

Intravaginal antifungals:
- clotrimazole pessary