Cancers in the alimentary tract Flashcards

1
Q

What is dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

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2
Q

Presenting complaints of a carcinoma of the oesophagus

A
  • Difficulty in swallowing solids which has been getting progressively worse
  • Some difficulty swallowing thick fluids?
  • Weight loss
  • Occasional regurgitation after swallowing
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3
Q

Investigations to be ordered if suspecting an oesophageal carcinoma

A

FBC
Liver ultrasound
Upper GI endoscopy

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4
Q

What are the different tumours of the oesophagus

A

Squamous carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma

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5
Q

If a mass is unable to be removed from the oesophagus, what would need to be done

A

Tube insertion so they were able to eat solids again

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6
Q

What is the normal epithelium of the oesophagus?

A

Squamous

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7
Q

What are most tumours of the oesophagus

A

Squamous carcinomas

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8
Q

What is spread of a tumour in an oesophagus by

A

Local extension, nodal spread and vascular spread

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9
Q

Common complaints about carcinoma of the stomach

A

Indigestion, weight loss, loss of appetite and repeated vomiting

Thin, pale, dry skin, mild jaundice, rapid pulse

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10
Q

tests to do if suspecting a stomach carcinoma

A

FBC
Urgent gastroscopy
LFTs

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11
Q

What is a carcinoma of the stomach

A

Adenocarcinoma

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12
Q

What can poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma have

A

‘Signet ring cell’ pattern

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13
Q

Where is metastasis common if you have a stomach cancer

A

Liver

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14
Q

What is a carcinoma of the colon nearly always

A

Adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

What do carcinomas on the right side (caecum) commonly present because of

A

Bleeding with anaemia

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16
Q

What do rectal cancers spread to and via what

A

Lymph nodes, and liver via blood

17
Q

What is carcinoma of the rectum nearly always

A

An adenocarcinoma

18
Q

What are the common complaints of a rectal cancer

A

Passing bright red blood in faeces for 3 weeks. alteration of bowel habit