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Lung Cancer CAN week 1 > Anatomy of nerve plexuses > Flashcards

Anatomy of nerve plexuses Flashcards

1
Q

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of

A

12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of spinal nerves (8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral plus coccygeal nerve)

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2
Q

What is the somatic nervous system

A

Voluntary nervous system which provides general sensory and motor innervations to body except viscera in body cavities, smooth muscle and glands

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3
Q

What does the dorsal (posterior) ramus supply

A

Dorsal 1/3 of the body wall (not limb)
-supplies deep muscles of back (extensor muscles of the vertebral column) and overlying skin and synovial joints of vertebral column

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4
Q

What does the ventral (anterior) ramus supply

A

Ventral 2/3 of the body wall, including limbs

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5
Q

What is a primary ramus

A

Branch of a spinal nerve

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6
Q

Are ventral or dorsal rami larger

A

Ventral rami and are more clinically important

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7
Q

What is a feature of all spinal nerves in relation to their rami

A

Their ANTERIOR rami branch and rejoin forming nerve plexuses

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8
Q

Where do the plexuses formed from anterior rami occur in

A

Cervical, brachial, lumbar and sacral regions

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9
Q

How can nerve fibres regroup within a plexus

A
  • Branches can contain fibres from more than one spinal level (convergence)
  • Given spinal level may contribute to more than one branch (divergence)
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10
Q

Why does damage to one spinal segment not usually lead to complete loss of function or sensation

A

Because of regrouping

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11
Q

What are the five groups of ventral rami and their spinal root value

A 
Cervical plexus (C1-C5)
Brachial plexus (C5-T1)
Nerves of the trunk (T1-L1)
Lumbosacral plexus (L1-S3)
Sacrococcygeal plexus (S3-S5)
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12
Q

What does the cervical plexus supply

A

Head and neck

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13
Q

What does the brachial plexus supply

A

Upper limb

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14
Q

What do the nerves of the trunk supply

A

Trunk

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15
Q

What does the lumbosacral plexus supply

A

Trunk and lower limb

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16
Q

What does the sacrococcygeal plexus supply

A

Pelvis and lower trunk

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17
Q

List cutaneous cervical spinal segments which contribute to the cervical plexus and their spinal root value

A

Lesser occipital- C2/(C3)
Greater auricular- C2/C3
Transverse cervical cutaneous- C2/C3
Supraclavicular- C3/C4

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18
Q

List motor (deep) cervical spinal segments which contribute to the cervical plexus and their spinal root value

A

Ansa cervicalis - C1-C3
Phrenic - C3-C5
Other muscular branches - C1-C5

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19
Q

What does the lesser occipital nerve supply

A

Skin of neck and scalp posteriosuperior to auricle

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20
Q

What does the greater auricular nerve supply

A

Skin over parotid gland, part of the auricle, skin from angle of mandible to mastoid process

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21
Q

What does the transverse cervical nerve supply

A

Skin of anterior cervical region

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22
Q

What do the supraclavicular nerves supply

A

Branches to skin of neck and over clavicle to skin of shoulder

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23
Q

What is the brachial plexus divided into

A 
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Branches
24
Q

what are the roots of the brachial plexus

A

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

25
Q

Which roots converge together to form the upper trunk

A

C5 and C6

26
Q

Which roots converge to form the middle trunk

A

None, it is just C7

27
Q

Which root converge to form the lower trunk

A

C8 and T1

28
Q

What are the divisions of the trunks

A

Anterior and posterior divisions

29
Q

What is the posterior division

A

All three trunks converge to make the posterior divisions

30
Q

What are the anterior divisions

A

Upper and middle divisions converge and lower division is by itself

31
Q

What are the different cords the brachial plexus

A

Lateral
Posterior
Medial

32
Q

What branches does the posterior cord have

A

Axillary and radial

33
Q

What branch does the lateral cord have

A

Musculocutaneous

34
Q

What branch does the medial cord have

A

Ulnar

35
Q

Where does the median branch come from

A

Lateral and medial cord (looks like an M)

36
Q

What is the spinal root value of the musculocutaneous nerve

A

C5-C7

37
Q

What is the spinal root value of the median nerve

A

C5-C7

C8-T1

38
Q

What is the spinal root value of the ulnar nerve

A

C8-T1

39
Q

What is the spinal root value of the radial nerve

A

C5-T1

40
Q

What is the spinal root value of the axillary nerve

A

C5,C6

41
Q

What is the spinal root value of the dorsal scapular

A

C5

42
Q

What is the spinal root value of the subscapular: upper and lower

A

C5,C6

43
Q

Spinal root value of suprascapular nerve

A

C5,C6

44
Q

Spinal root value value of long thoracic nerve

A

C5-C7

45
Q

Spinal root value of pectoral: medial and lateral nerve

A

C5-T1

46
Q

Spinal root value of thoracodorsal nerve

A

C7,C8

47
Q

What is the autonomic plexuses formed by

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

48
Q

What do sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves to viscera form

A

Series of plexuses anterior to vertebral bodies (in or on the viscera or associated vessels)

49
Q

What preverterbal autonomic plexuses are especially large

A

Cardiac plexus
Pulmonary plexus
Coeliac plexus
Hypogastric plexus

50
Q

What does the cardiac plexus innervate

A

The heart

51
Q

What do the sympathetic nerves arise from

A

cervical and upper thoracic parts of sympathetic trunk

52
Q

What does the parasympathetic supply derive from

A

Vagus nerve

53
Q

What do the sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves contribute to

A

Oesophageal plexus

54
Q

What do sympathetic fibres do

-What are the afferent fibres associated with

A

Speed up heart and dilate coronary arteries

-Pain

55
Q

Want do parasympathetic fibres do

-What are the afferent fibres associated with

A

Reduce heart rate and constrict arteries

-Afferent fibres take part in cardiovascular reflexes

56
Q

What does the pulmonary plexus surround

A

Lung root and has branches from the upper thoracic sympathetic trunk and vagus nerve

Lung Cancer CAN week 1 (11 decks)

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