Cancer Case Study Flashcards
Why is dexamethasone included in treatment of brain tumors?
- Corticosteroid - Immunosuppressants (decreases swelling, increases tight junctions, reconstitutes BBB –> dec. swelling)
- Antiemetic (decreases nausea/vomiting)
What things about the tumor affect the outcome of chemotherapy treatment?
Stage, Location & Resistance (-innate -2 deg)
What things about the patient affect the outcome of chemotherapy treatment?
- Family support
- Age of patient
- Overall Health - Karnofsky
- Liver Function
- Kidney Function
- Bone Marrow Capacity
Vincristine
- Stops spindle formation
- Interrupts Mitosis
- CCS - M phase
Paclitaxel
- Increases Spindle formation
- Interrupts Mitosis
- CCS - M phase
Etoposide
- Topoisomerase II inhibitor
- Causes strand breaks
- Damages DNA
- CCS - S phase
Doxorubicin
- Intercalates
- Damages DNA
- CCNS
Cisplatin
- Cross-links
- Platinum
- Damages DNA
- CCNS
BCNU (Carmustine)
- Cross-links
- Alkylates
- Damages DNA
- CCNS
TMZ (temozolomide)
- Cross-links
- Alkylates
- Damages DNA
- CCNS
Cyclophosphamide
- Cross-links
- Alkylates
- Damages DNA
- CCNS
Busulfan
- Cross-links
- Alkylates
- Damages DNA
- CCNS
Fludarabine
- Inhibits DNA synthesizing enzymes [Purines - prevents DNA synthesis]
- CCS - S phase
Ara-C (Cytarabine)
- Inhibits DNA synthesizing enzymes
- Pyrimidines
- Prevents DNA synthesis
- CCS - S phase
5-FU
-Inhibits nucleotide synthesis
[Pyrimidine - Prevents DNA synthesis]
-CCS - S phase
“FU is not so Pur”
MTX
- Inhibits nucleotide synthesis [Blocks DHFR-dihydrofolate reductase - Prevents DNA synthesis]
- CCS - S phase
Crossing BBB:
TMZ (temozolomide)
- Small
- Lipophilic
- Doesn’t get pumped out
Crossing BBB:
BCNU (Carmustine)
Not small
Somewhat lipophilic
No effect - doesn’t get pumped either way
Crossing BBB:
Vincristine
Not small
Lipophilic
Yes, gets pumped out by efflux pumps
Crossing BBB:
Aphoterecin-C
Not small
Lipophilic
Yes, gets pumped out by efflux pumps
