Cancer cachexia

Question 1

what is cancer cachexia (4)

Answer 1

muscle and/or fat loss, in cancer patients, multifactorial, functional impairment

Question 2

what decreases in cancer cachexia patients

Answer 2

days until death

Question 3

cancer cachexia diagnosis in terms of weight loss

Answer 3

> 5% in 6 months

Question 4

cancer cachexia diagnosis in terms of BMI (2)

Answer 4

<20 and >2% weight loss

Question 5

cancer cachexia diagnosis in terms of appendicular skeletal muscle index (4)

Answer 5

sarcopenia, male <7.26 kg/m^2, female 5.45 kg/m^2 and >2% weight loss

Question 6

cachexia in what % of advanced breast, sarcoma, lung, prostate, pancreas and GI cancer

Answer 6

80%

Question 7

what % of cachexia on cancer diagnosis with GI cancer

Answer 7

85%

Question 8

progression of cancer cachexia (4)

Answer 8

precachexia, cachexia, refractory cachexia, death

Question 9

precachexia (3)

Answer 9

weight loss <5%, anorexia, metabolic change

Question 10

cachexia (apart from diagnostic criteria) (2)

Answer 10

reduced food intake and systemic inflammation

Question 11

refractory cachexia (4)

Answer 11

procatabolic, non responsive to anti cancer treatment, low performance score, <3 month expected survival

Question 12

cancer cachexia consequences (7)

Answer 12

reduced muscle function, impaired mobility, enhanced fatigue, reduced independence, premature retirement, increased metabolic disease, adverse risk increase

Question 13

how much is mobility impacted

Answer 13

40% decrease

Question 14

most common complait

Answer 14

enhanced fatigue

Question 15

was adverse risk increases occur (3)

Answer 15

increased grade 3-4 toxicity, hospitalisation, other adverse events

Question 16

what do all the consequences attribute to

Answer 16

decreased quality of life

Question 17

what are other serious risks associated with cancer cachexia (3)

Answer 17

impaired chemotherapy and radiotherapy response, respiratory failure, cardiac failure

Question 18

what exacerbates cachexia

Answer 18

chemotherapy

Question 19

what was injected into mice to show chemotherapy link to cachexia (2)

Answer 19

5FU and AAV6:MiR-351-3p sponge

Question 20

what does AAV6:MiR-351-3p sponge inhibit

Answer 20

increased miR-351-3p

Question 21

what does increased miR-351-3p inhibit

Answer 21

decreased ERK2 signalling

Question 22

what does decreased ERK2 signalling promote (2)

Answer 22

muscle wasting and poor prognosis

Question 23

what was found with a 5FU injection (4)

Answer 23

atrophy, loss of large fibre type IIx/b fibres, increased muscle wasting, poor prognosis

Question 24

what cardiac changes were observed in cancer cachexia patients (3)

Answer 24

reduced heart mass, structural remodelling, cardiac fibrosis

Question 25

what histology stains show heart tissue and collagen (2)

Answer 25

AZAN and sirius red

Question 26

progression of cardiac cachexia (7)

Answer 26

LV atrophy, thinned septal walls, LV chamber dilatation, systolic dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction, fibrosis, end stage heart failure

Question 27

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