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BBDA > Cancer/Antifungals/Dermatology/Antivirals/Herbals > Flashcards

Cancer/Antifungals/Dermatology/Antivirals/Herbals Flashcards

1
Q

Fluconazole

A

Diflucan

Renal Elimination
Good/Excellent CSF penetration
QT prolongation
CYP450 Inhibitor

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2
Q

Itraconazole

A

Sporanox

Hepatic Elimination
Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
QT prolongation
CYP450 Inhibitor
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3
Q

Ketoconazole

A

Nizoral

Hepatic Elimination
Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
Impotence, decreased libido, gynecomastia

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4
Q

Voriconazole

A

Vfend

TOES
Hepatic Elimination
Good CSF penetration
Transient visual disturbances (30 minutes)
CYP450 Inhibitor
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5
Q

Posaconazole

A

Noxafil

Take with high fat meal
Hepatic Elimination
Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
QT Prolongation
CYP450 Inhibitor
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6
Q

Isavuconazonium

A

Cresemba

Excellent oral absorption
Hepatic Elimination
Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
QT Prolongation
Optic neuropathy
CYP450 Inhibitor/Inducer
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7
Q

Caspofungin

A

Cancidas

Echinocandin

Fungicidal - Candida
Fungistatic - Aspergillus

Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
DON’T INHIBIT/INDUCE CYP450

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8
Q

Micafungin

A

Micamine

Echinocandin

Fungicidal - Candida
Fungistatic - Aspergillus

Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
DON’T INHIBIT/INDUCE CYP450

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9
Q

Anidulafungin

A

Eraxis

Echinocandin

Fungicidal - Candida
Fungistatic - Aspergillus

Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
DON’T INHIBIT/INDUCE CYP450

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10
Q

Amphotercin

A

Fungicidal against most fungal pathogens

Highly protein bound
Poor CSF penetration
Extensive tissue distribution (long 1/2 life)

Nephrotoxicity - lipid assoc. formulations have less

  • Glomerular = decreased GFR/renal blood flow, azotemia
  • Tubular = hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia
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11
Q

Flucytosine

A

DON’T USE AS MONOTHERAPY

synergy with ampho B and azoles against yeasts

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12
Q

Terbinafine

A

Lamisil

inhibits squalene epoxidase leading to accumulation of the sterol squalene, which is toxic to fungal cell

Hepatotoxicity
Inhibits CYP450

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13
Q

Griseofulvin

A

Fungistatic

Administer with high fat foods

CYP450 Inducer

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14
Q

Nystatin

A

Topical use only

Use: local candida infections

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15
Q

Bacitracin

A

Antibacterial

used temporarily for decreasing colonization of staph

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16
Q

Polymyxin B Sulfate and Neomycin

A

Antibacterial

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17
Q

Mupirocin and Retapumulin

A

Antibacterial

Mupirocin: impetigo caused by S. aureus or group A beta-hemolytic strep, intranasal preparation for decreasing MRSA colonization

Retapumulin: Group A beta-hemolytic strep - S. aureus including MRSA

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18
Q

Retinoic acid

A

Tretinoin

TERATOGENIC

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19
Q

Adapalene

A

Differin

Retinoid derivative

TERATOGENIC

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20
Q

Tazarotene

A

Tazorac

Retinoid derivative

TERATOGENIC

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21
Q

Azelaic acid

A

Azelex

Retinoid derivative

TERATOGENIC

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22
Q

Benzoyl peroxide

A

MOA: peeling and comedolytic effects

Can cause bleaching of hair and clothing

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23
Q

Vinca Alkaloids

A

Vincristine
Vinblastine
Vinorelbine

Bind tubulin and disrupt microtubule assembly

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24
Q

Taxanes

A

Paclitaxel
Docetaxel
Cabazitaxel

Stabilization of microtubules

ADR - infusion reactions, peripheral neuropathy/edema, alopecia, myelosuppression

25
Q

Epipodophyllotoxins

A

Etoposide
Teniposide

Inhibit Topoisomerase II

26
Q

Camptothecins

A

Irinotecan
Topotecan

Inhibit Topoisomerase I

27
Q

Folate antagonists

A

Methotrexate

Pemetrexed

28
Q

Purine Analogues

A 
Cladribine
Mercaptopurine
Fludarabine
Pentostatin
Thioguanine
29
Q

Pyrimidine Analogues

A

Cytarabine
Fluorouracil - adjusted for renal dysfunction (IV)
Capecitabine - adjusted for renal dysfunction (Oral)
Gemcitabine
Decitabine
Azacitidine

30
Q

Nitrogen Mustards

A

Cyclophosphamide - hemorrhagic cystitis, methylene blue= antidote
Ifosfamide - hemorrhagic cystitis, methylene blue= antidote
Melphalan
Bendamustine

31
Q

Nitrosureas

A

Carmustine

Lomustine

32
Q

Triazenes

A

Dacarbazine

Temozolomide

33
Q

Platinum Agents

A

Cisplatin
Carboplatin
Oxaliplatin

34
Q

Anthracyclines

A 
Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mitoxantrone
35
Q

Abiraterone (Zytiga)

A

Androgen Synthesis Inhibitor

highly lipid soluble - TAKE WITH HIGH FAT MEAL

mineralocorticoid storm - blockade pushes synthesis towards production of aldosterone

36
Q

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

Endoxifen (tamoxifen active metabolite) is 1000x more potent so avoid concomitant use!

37
Q

Aromatase Inhibitors

A

Anastrazole (Arimidex)
Exemestane (Aromasin)
Letrozole (Femara)

ONLY USE IN POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN

38
Q

LHRH Agonists

A

Goserelin (Zoladex)
Leuprolide (Lupron)
Triptorelin (Trelstar)

causes initial surge in testosterone/estradiol production leading to negative feedback based inhibition of the hypothalamus which could worsen symptoms associated with disease

39
Q

Monoclonal Antibodies

A

Receptor complex blockade
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)
Antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP)
Targeted delivery of cytotoxic molecules
Targeted delivery of radiation

40
Q

Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 20 Inhibitors

A

Rituximab (Rituxan) - oncology and non-oncology
Ofatumumab (Azerra) - oncology only
Obinutuzumab (Gazyva) - oncology only

41
Q

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

A

target intracellular components

name ends in -mib or -nib

42
Q

Checkpoint Inhibitors

A

PD1 - 2nd checkpoint turns off activated T-cells at site of action
PD2 - 1st checkpoint turns off T-cell activation in the lymph nodes

43
Q

Osteltamivir (Tamiflu)

A

Treatment - 75mg BID x5
Prevention - 75mg QD x7-10

ADR - vomiting

AVOID LIVE VACCINES X 2 WEEKS

44
Q

Zanamivir (Relenza)

A

Treatment - 10mg BID x5
Prevention - 10mg QD x10

ADR - bronchospasm/neuropsychiatric - AVOID IN ASTHMA/COPD

45
Q

Peramivir (Rapivab)

A

600mg IV over 15 minutes

46
Q

Adamantanes (Amantadine and Ramantadine)

A

no longer recommended by CDC due to high resistance

47
Q

Triumeq

A

Dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine

48
Q

Genvoya

A

Emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) /elvitegravir/cobicistat

TWF

49
Q

Stribild

A

Emtricitabine/tenofovir diproxil fumarate (TDF) /elvitegravir/cobicistat

TWF

50
Q

Complera

A

emtricitabine/TDF/rilpivirine

TWF - 390 calories

51
Q

Odefsey

A

emtricitabine/TAF/rilpivirine

TWF - 390 calories

52
Q

Truvada

A

emtricitabine/TDF

53
Q

Descovy

A

emtricitabine/TAF

54
Q

Atripla

A

emtricitabine/TDF/efavirenz

55
Q

Tivicay

A

dolutegravir

56
Q

Prezista

A

darunavir

57
Q

Harvoni

A

ledipasvir-sofosbuvir

58
Q

Epclusa

A

sofosbuvir-velpatasvir

59
Q

Sovaldi

A

sofosbuvir

BBDA (6 decks)

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