Cancer Flashcards
what type of cancer are oesophageal cancers most commonly
squamous cell carcinomas
what type of oesophageal cancer can occur due to GORD
adenocarcinomas
is it harder to swallow liquids or solids with oesophageal cancer
solids
what is maleana
black, foul smelling stool due to bleeding in the upper GI tract as enzymes alter the blood
how does liver cancer present
jaundice, hepatomegaly, ascites, craggy liver
what type of cancers are gastric cancers most commonly
adenocarcinomas
what types of stomach cancers are there
adneocarcinomas
MALT lymphomas
stomal
what are gastric MALT lymphomas most commonly associated with
H. pylori
how can you differentiate between pancreatic cancer and gallstones
in pancreatic cancer there is painless jaundice
what is tenesmus
feeling of incomplete emptying
what could cause tenesmus
rectal cancer, fistula or haemorrhoids
what could cause per rectal bleeding
rectal cancer, fistula or haemorrhoids
what are the risk factors for bowel cancer
IBD, FAP, diet and lifestyle
what is the screening for colon cancer
stool samples looking for blood every 2 years from the age of 60
describe the polyp-adenocarcinoma sequence
polyps are benign growths but could abnormally differentiate to give dysplastic cells which can develop into an adenocarcinoma
